AnswersChemistryAcid-Base Reactions

Acid-Base Reactions — Test Answers

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A solution of ammonia has a pH of 11 point 8 What is the concentration of OH raised to the negative power ions in the solution? Useful formulas include open bracket cap h sub 3 cap o raised to the plus power close bracket is equal to 10 raised to the negative pH power , open bracket OH raised to the negative power close bracket is equal to 10 raised to the negative pOH power , pH plus pOH is equal to 14 and open bracket cap h sub 3 cap o raised to the plus power close bracket times open bracket OH raised to the negative power close bracket is equal to 10 to the negative 14 power

A
158 cap m
B
2 point 2 0 cap m
C
6 point 3 1 times 10 to the negative 3 power cap m
D
1 point 5 8 times 10 to the negative 12 power cap m
2
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Which would most likely be the pH of a highly-corrosive acid?

A
11
B
5
C
1
D
8
3

Look at the reaction. cap h sub 2 SO sub 4 A q plus Ca OH sub 2 A q rightarrow CaSO sub 4 times A q plus 2 cap h sub 2 cap o l Which substance is the base in the reaction?

A
2 cap h sub 2 cap o l
B
cap h sub 2 SO sub 4 A q
C
CaSO sub 4 times A q
D
Ca OH sub 2 A q
4

The table lists some acids and bases. Strong acids Weak acids Weak bases Strong bases HBr CH sub 3 COOH NH sub 3 NaOH HNO sub 3 HCOOH NH sub 4 OH KOH cap h sub 2 SO sub 4 Ca OH sub 2 Which reaction yields a salt that has a pH is less than 7 ?

A
cap n cap h sub 3 plus cap h cap n cap o sub 3
B
cap k cap o cap h plus cap h cap b r
C
cap c A cap o cap h 2 plus cap h sub 2 cap s cap o sub 4
D
cap h cap c cap o cap o cap h plus cap k cap o cap h
5

A solution of HCl has open bracket cap h raised to the plus power close bracket is equal to 0 point 0 1 cap m What is the pH of this solution? Use pH is equal to negative log times open bracket cap h sub 3 cap o raised to the plus power close bracket

A
negative 1
B
negative 2
C
2
D
1
6

Which best describes the definition of Lewis acids and bases?

A
a specific definition based on a compound’s ability to donate protons
B
a general definition based on hydrogen ion concentration
C
a general definition based on electron structure
D
a specific definition based on a compound’s ability to accept protons
7

What type of substance reacts with limestone open paren CaCO sub 3 close paren and produces carbon dioxide gas?

A
a neutral substance
B
an acid
C
both an acid and a base
D
a base
8

Consider this reaction. Na raised to the plus plus cap c power sub 2 cap h sub 3 cap o sub 2 raised to the negative aq power plus cap h raised to the plus plus Cl raised to the negative right arrow cap n raised to the plus plus Cl raised to the negative plus HC power power sub 2 cap h sub 3 cap o sub 2 power power Which is the net ionic equation for the reaction?

A
Na raised to the plus plus Cl raised to the negative right arrow NaCl power power
B
Na raised to the plus plus cap c power sub 2 cap h sub 3 cap o sub 2 raised to the negative right arrow NaC sub 2 cap h sub 3 cap o sub 2 power
C
cap h raised to the plus plus Cl raised to the negative right arrow HCl power power
D
cap c sub 2 cap h sub 3 cap o sub 2 raised to the negative aq power plus cap h raised to the plus right arrow HC sub 2 cap h sub 3 cap o sub 2 power
9

Which of these correctly defines the pOH of a solution?

A
the negative log of the hydronium ion concentration
B
the log of the hydronium ion concentration
C
the negative log of the hydroxide ion concentration
D
the log of the hydroxide ion concentration
10

What is the definition of a Lewis base?

A
a substance that accepts electrons to form a covalent bond
B
a substance that when dissolved in water increases hydrogen ion concentration
C
a substance that donates electrons to form a covalent bond
D
a substance that donates a proton
11

Soaps feel slippery on our hands because they dissolve the oil on our skin, decreasing friction.This is because soap contains

A
an acid.
B
a salt molecule.
C
a neutral molecule.
D
a base.
12

A salt is best described as a compound that is formed from the reaction between

A
a strong base and a weak base.
B
an acid and water.
C
a strong acid and a weak acid.
D
an acid and a base.
13

Which equation represents the total ionic equation for the reaction of HNO sub 3 and NaOH ?

A
cap h raised to the plus plus NO power sub 3 raised to the negative plus Na raised to the plus plus OH raised to the negative right arrow Na raised to the plus plus NO power sub 3 raised to the negative plus cap h power 2 cap o power power power
B
HNO sub 3 plus NaOH rightarrow NaNO sub 3 plus cap h sub 2 cap o
C
cap h raised to the plus plus OH raised to the negative right arrow cap h sub 2 cap o power power
D
cap h raised to the plus plus NO power sub 3 raised to the negative plus OH raised to the negative right arrow NO sub 3 raised to the negative plus cap h power 2 cap o power power
14

Which of these substances is an Arrhenius acid?

A
HCN
B
BF sub 3
C
Mg OH sub 2
D
NH sub 3
15

Look at the reaction. cap h sub 2 SO sub 4 A q plus Mg times s rightarrow MgSO sub 4 times A q plus cap h sub 2 of g Which substance is the acid in the reaction?

A
cap h sub 2 SO sub 4 A q
B
cap h sub 2 of g
C
MgSO sub 4 times A q
D
Mg times s
16

Which equation represents the correct net ionic equation for the reaction between Ca(OH)_2 and cap h sub 2 SO sub 4 ?

A
Ca OH sub 2 plus cap h sub 2 SO sub 4 rightarrow CaSO sub 4 plus 2 cap h sub 2 cap o
B
2 cap h raised to the plus plus 2 power OH raised to the negative right arrow cap h sub 2 cap o power
C
Ca raised to the 2 plus power plus 20 cap h raised to the negative plus 2 power cap h raised to the plus plus SO power sub 4 raised to the 2 minus power rightarrow Ca raised to the 2 plus power plus SO sub 4 raised to the 2 minus power plus 2 cap h sub 2 cap o
D
cap h raised to the plus plus OH raised to the negative right arrow cap h sub 2 cap o power power
17

A chemist lectures about this definition for acids and bases. The acid-base behavior is analyzed in terms of how electrons are transferred between compounds rather than in terms of how hydrogen ions are transferred. What is the chemist defining?

A
the Lewis concept of acids and bases
B
the Arrhenius concept of acids and bases
C
the classical concept of acids and bases
D
the Bronsted-Lowry concept of acids and bases
18

Which of these is the correctly balanced chemical equation for the reaction of Ca OH sub 2 and HNO sub 3 ?

A
Ca OH sub 2 plus 2 HNO sub 3 rightarrow cap h sub 2 cap o plus CaNO sub 3
B
Ca OH sub 2 plus HNO sub 3 rightarrow Ca raised to the 2 plus power plus NO sub 3 raised to the negative power
C
Ca OH sub 2 plus 2 HNO sub 3 rightarrow 2 cap h sub 2 cap o plus 2 NO sub 3 raised to the negative power
D
Ca OH sub 2 plus 2 HNO sub 3 rightarrow 2 cap h sub 2 cap o plus Ca open paren NO sub 3 close paren sub 2
19

Which description correctly characterizes the acidity or basicity of a solution?

A
The higher the pH is, the more the hydroxide ion concentration increases and the more basic the solution becomes.
B
The higher the pH is, the more the hydroxide ion concentration decreases and the more acidic the solution becomes.
C
The lower the pH is, the more the hydronium ion concentration decreases and the more acidic the solution becomes.
D
The lower the pH is, the more the hydronium ion concentration increases and the more basic the solution becomes.
20

Consider the reaction. NH sub 4 raised to the plus plus cap h power sub 2 cap o rightarrow NH sub 3 plus cap h sub 3 cap o raised to the plus power Which is an acid-conjugate base pair?

A
NH sub 4 raised to the plus power and NH sub 3
B
cap h sub 2 cap o and cap h sub 3 cap o raised to the plus power
C
NH sub 4 raised to the plus power and cap h sub 3 cap o raised to the plus power
D
cap h sub 2 cap o and NH sub 3

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