Judicial Branch — Unit test Answers

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Which statements best compare the federal and state courts? Choose two correct answers.

A
Federal courts do not hear any cases involving state laws and actions.
B
State judicial branches make laws, but federal judicial branches only interpret the law.
C
Most court cases in the US judicial system end up in a federal court rather than a state court.
D
State courts tend to hear everyday cases involving crimes, family matters, and juvenile affairs.
E
Federal courts can hear state laws that may conflict with the meaning of the US Constitution.
4

Ella makes this table to organize her notes on whether atoms gain or lose energy during the changes of state.

Question illustration
A
freezing, boiling, and melting
B
melting, vaporization, and sublimation
C
sublimation, deposition, and condensation
D
freezing, deposition, and condensation
5

A cylinder at left with balls in a layer on the bottom of the cylinder has an arrow leading to a cylinder at right with balls stacked near the bottom of the cylinder.

Question illustration
A
Atoms gain energy as a solid changes to a gas.
B
Atoms gain energy as a liquid changes to a gas.
C
Atoms lose energy as a solid changes to a gas.
D
Atoms lose energy as a liquid changes to a gas.
6

Which property of physical changes explains why matter is conserved in a physical change?

A
The arrangements of particles do not change, and the bonds between atoms do not break.
B
Mass, not energy, changes in a physical change.
C
Energy and mass change in a physical change.
D
The bonds between atoms do not break; it is only the arrangement that changes.
7

Which statement gives two characteristics of all liquids?

A
They spread out to fill space and have atoms that vibrate in place.
B
They have atoms that vibrate in place and have a definite shape.
C
They will change shape to fit a container and have definite volume.
D
They have definite volume and have atoms that move freely in all directions.
8

If a person has the values for an object’s density and volume, what value can be calculated?

A
the object’s size
B
the object’s mass
C
the shape the object forms in a container
D
the amount of space the object takes up
9

During which changes of state do atoms that cannot move past one another become free to move?

A
vaporization and sublimation
B
boiling and deposition
C
sublimation and melting
D
condensation and melting
10

What happens to the total mass of a substance undergoing a physical change?

A
It stays the same.
B
It doubles.
C
It triples.
D
It is reduced.
11

Four students are analyzing four different substances and recording their findings in this table.Which most describes this table?

Question illustration
A
Leonna has a solid, Xiao and Blake have liquids, and Amir has a gas.
B
Leonna and Amir have gasses, Xiao has a liquid, and Blake has a solid.
C
Leonna has a solid, Xiao has a liquid, Blake has a gas, and Amir made a mistake.
D
Leonna has a solid, Xiao has a liquid, Blake made a mistake, and Amir has a gas.
12

An amount of nitrogen undergoes a physical change and increases its volume. What can be known about this physical change?

A
The boiling point of the nitrogen increased.
B
The mass of nitrogen increased.
C
The color changed.
D
The density changed.
13

Which ranks these materials by the attraction between their atoms from the weakest to the strongest?

A
oxygen gas, liquid water, liquid honey, solid iron ore
B
liquid water, liquid honey, oxygen gas, solid iron ore
C
solid iron ore, liquid honey, liquid water, oxygen gas
D
oxygen gas, liquid honey, liquid water, solid iron ore
14

Which state(s) of matter have no definite shape or volume?

l
liquids and solids
l
liquids and gasses
g
gasses
s
solids
15

Which object would sink in honey, which has a density of 1.4 g/cm³?

A
Object 1 (0.9 g/cm³)
B
Object 2 (1.2g /cm³)
C
Object 3 (0.2 g/cm³)
D
Object 4 (2.3 g/cm³)
16

Which example illustrates a chemical change?

s
shredding paper
s
smashing a soda can
b
burning wood
c
chopping wood
17

To answer the research question "How am I going to find the information I need on the topic?” the best thing Georgia should do first is

A
get on her computer to search the topic.
B
make a list of the books she could use.
C
ask her teacher for specific suggestions.
D
make a list of relevant sources to check out.
18

Which statement best explains the roles of Congress and the president in organizing the judicial branch?

A
Congress establishes federal courts; the president nominates judges.
B
Congress organizes state judicial systems; the president organizes the federal system.
C
Congress writes laws nominating judges; the president confirms judicial nominations.
D
Congress assigns jurisdiction for federal cases; the president assigns state jurisdiction.
19

Which court had original jurisdiction in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka?

A
the District Court of Topeka
B
the District Court of Kansas
C
the circuit court of appeals
D
the Supreme Court
20

Based on the passage, what was the purpose of the 14th Amendment?

A
to prevent state governments from treating African Americans unfairly
B
to make sure all citizens, regardless of race, have the right to vote
C
to give the government the authority to treat groups differently for good reason
D
to protect African Americans from the abuses of the national government

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