8
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Using the Central Limit Theorem

Question 8 • CA-Statistics and Probability B

For which situations would it be appropriate to calculate a probability about the difference in sample means?Both population shapes are unknown. n1 = 50 and n2 = 100.Population 1 is skewed right and population 2 is approximately Normal. n1 = 50 and n2 = 10.Both populations are skewed right. n1 = 5 and n2 = 10.Population 1 is skewed right and population 2 is approximately Normal. n1 = 10 and n2 = 50.Both populations have unknown shapes. n1 = 50 and n2 = 100.Both populations are skewed left. n1 = 5 and n2 = 40.

Answer
A
Both population shapes are unknown. n1 = 50 and n2 = 100.
B
Population 1 is skewed right and population 2 is approximately Normal. n1 = 50 and n2 = 10.
C
Both populations are skewed right. n1 = 5 and n2 = 10.
D
Population 1 is skewed right and population 2 is approximately Normal. n1 = 10 and n2 = 50.
E
Both populations have unknown shapes. n1 = 50 and n2 = 100.
F
Both populations are skewed left. n1 = 5 and n2 = 40.

Explanation

A difference in sample means is suitable for probability calculations when its sampling distribution is approximately Normal. Large samples (usually at least 30) make sample means approximately Normal even if the population shapes are unknown or skewed; a sample from a Normal population has a Normal mean for any sample size. Thus A and E qualify because both samples are large, and B qualifies because n₁ = 50 is large while population 2 is Normal. D, C, and F have small samples from skewed populations, so Normality is not assured.

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