AnswersGA-GSE Physical Science AAtomic Theory

Atomic Theory Answers

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Scientists have changed the model of the atom as they have gathered new evidence. One of the atomic models is shown below.

Question illustration
A
A few of the positive particles aimed at a gold foil seemed to bounce back.
B
The colors of light emitted from heated atoms had very specific energies.
C
Equations were used to identify regions around the nucleus where electrons would likely be.
D
Cathode rays were bent in the same way whenever a magnet was brought near them.
2
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Scientists have changed the model of the atom as they have gathered new evidence. One of the atomic models is shown below.What experimental evidence led scientists to change from the previous model to this one?

Question illustration
A
A few of the positive particles aimed at a gold foil seemed to bounce back.
B
The colors of light emitted from heated atoms had very specific energies.
C
Experiments with water vapor showed that elements combine in specific proportions.
D
Cathode rays were bent in the same way whenever a magnet was brought near them.
3

Why did Thomson’s results from experimenting with cathode rays cause a big change in scientific thought about atoms?

A
His results gave people a picture of what atoms look like for the first time.
B
His results gave the first clues that atoms could be created and destroyed.
C
His results gave the first experimental evidence that matter is made up of atoms.
D
His results gave the first evidence that atoms were made up of smaller particles.
4

Rutherford tracked the motion of tiny, positively charged particles shot through a thin sheet of gold foil. Some particles traveled in a straight line and some were deflected at different angles.Which statement best describes what Rutherford concluded from the motion of the particles?

A
Some particles traveled through empty parts of the atoms and some particles were deflected by neutrons.
B
Some particles traveled through empty parts of the atom and some particles were deflected by electrons.
C
Some particles traveled through empty parts of the atom and some particles were deflected by the orbits of atoms.
D
Some particles traveled through empty parts of the atom and some particles were deflected by small areas of high-density positive charge in atoms.
5

Scientists have changed the model of the atom as they have gathered new evidence. One of the atomic models is shown below.

Question illustration
A
A few of the positive particles aimed at a gold foil seemed to bounce back.
B
The colors of light emitted from heated atoms had very specific energies.
C
Experiments with water vapor showed that elements combine in specific proportions.
D
Cathode rays were bent in the same way whenever a magnet was brought near them.
6

What did Bohr’s model of the atom include that Rutherford’s model did not have?

A
a nucleus
B
energy levels
C
electron clouds
D
smaller particles
7

The atomic models after Dalton’s time included ideas about the atomic structure.Which atomic model that shows the atomic structure is missing from this set?

Question illustration
A
Niels Bohr’s model
B
Schrödinger’s model
C
Rutherford’s model
D
Thomson’s model
8

The charged particles in the beams that Thomson studied came from atoms. As these particles moved away from their original atoms, they formed a visible beam. The current model of the atom includes protons, neutrons, and electrons.What is the best use of an atomic model to explain the charge of the particles in Thomson’s beams?

A
An atom’s negative particles are surrounded by positive matter, so the positive particles are easier to remove.
B
An atom’s positive particles are surrounded by negative matter, so the negative particles are easier to remove.
C
An atom’s smaller negative particles are at a distance from the central positive particles, so the negative particles are easier to remove.
D
An atom’s larger positive particles are at a distance from the central negative particles, so the positive particles are easier to remove.
9

Which statement describes one feature of Rutherford’s model of the atom?

A
The atom is mostly empty space.
B
The atom cannot be divided into smaller particles.
C
Electron clouds are regions where electrons are likely to be found.
D
The electrons are located within the positive material of the nucleus.
10

What new characteristic did John Dalton add to the model of the atom?

A
An atom is a round, solid mass.
B
An atom has a massive, positive center.
C
An atom is made up of smaller particles.
D
An atom can join with other kinds of atoms.

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