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Biological Evidence and the Fossil Record — Quiz Answers

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1
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What is the most likely reason that horses and mountain goats have hooves?

A
These are similar structures due genetic mutations.
B
They have homologous structures because they have a common ancestor.
C
These are vestigial structures in both animals because they are not used.
D
They have analogous structures because they have a common ancestor.
3

What is the value of a transitional fossil?

A
Transitional forms discredit the theory of evolution.
B
Transitional forms show the evolutionary steps between species.
C
Transitional forms are analogous fossils.
D
Transitional forms are proof of punctuated equilibrium in evolution.
4

Which structures are similar in function, but do not indicate that the organisms are related?

A
transitional structures
B
vestigial structures
C
homologous structures
D
analogous structures
5

Which of these statements best sums up evolution ?

A
change in a population through genetic variation over time
B
change in a population through new species being made
C
rapid change in species’ habits and features
D
rapid development of vestigial structures in a species
6

Australopithecus is an ape that lived in trees, but could walk on two feet. How might fossils from Australopithecus provide evidence for evolution?

A
Australopithecus is a fossil that is used to date other Precambrian fossils.
B
Australopithecus provides evidence of the existence of apes, but not humans.
C
Australopithecus is a transitional form between apes and humans.
D
Australopithecus provides evidence that humans existed.
7

A scientist makes the argument that she has found DNA evidence that shows that evolution does not exist. What would her evidence have to show for her to be correct?

A
Strong genetic similarities in closely related organisms and weak genetic similarities in distantly related organisms.
B
Weak genetic similarities in closely related organisms and strong genetic similarities in distantly related organisms.
C
Strong physical similarities among closely related organisms and also among distantly related organisms.
D
Weak physical similarities among closely related organisms and also among distantly related organisms.
8

Siblings have similar traits because they inherit those traits from a common ancestor. How is this similar to some evidence for evolution?

A
There are many differences between siblings in species today, which shows common ancestry.
B
Similarities can be seen between siblings in species today, which shows common ancestry.
C
There are many differences between related organisms, which shows common ancestry.
D
Similarities can be seen among related organisms, which shows common ancestry.
9

Which lists the correct order of evolutionary history?

A
vertebrate fish, crabs, mammals
B
jellyfish, reptiles, mammals
C
mammals, amphibians, crabs
D
crabs, jellyfish, reptiles
10

Dogs have a reduced nonfunctional digit on their paws known as a dewclaw. What is this an example of?

A
homologous structure
B
vestigial structure
C
analogous structure
D
mutated structure

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