AnswersMO-Biology AProteins and Nucleic Acids

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1
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Which is a difference between proteins and carbohydrates and fats?

A
Proteins are macromolecules; carbohydrates and fats are not.
B
Proteins are composed of monomers; carbohydrates and fats are not.
C
Carbohydrates and fats contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; proteins do not.
D
Excess carbohydrates and fats are stored; excess proteins are not.
2
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Which three components are common to all amino acids?

A
an amino group, a carboxyl group, and an R group
B
an amino group, a phosphate group, and an R group
C
a five-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
D
a five-carbon sugar, an amino group, and a nitrogenous base
3

Which statement best distinguishes plants and animals as they relate to amino acids?

A
Plants can synthesize all twenty amino acids. Humans must eat plants or animals to obtain some of these amino acids.
B
Plants can synthesize all twenty amino acids. Humans must eat plants to obtain all of these amino acids.
C
Plants can only synthesize ten amino acids. Humans synthesize the other ten amino acids.
D
Plants and humans both synthesize all twenty amino acids. Humans must supplement a few of these by eating animals.
4

Who first identified nucleic acids, and where were they discovered?

A
Friedrich Meischer discovered nucleic acids in blood cells.
B
Phoebus Levine discovered nucleic acids in plant cells.
C
James Watson and Francis Crick discovered nucleic acids in DNA.
D
Gerardus Johannes Mulder discovered nucleic acids in bacterial cells.
5

Which pair of statements best describes an essential amino acid?

A
It is an amino acid that contains peptide bonds. An example is proline.
B
It is an amino acid that contains nitrogen. An example is aspartic acid.
C
It is an amino acid that cannot be made by the body. It must be obtained from eating certain foods.
D
It is an amino acid that can be produced by the body. Vitamin supplements maintain healthy levels.
6

Which element is found in nucleic acids but not in amino acids?

A
carbon
B
hydrogen
C
nitrogen
D
phosphorus
7

Which component makes each amino acid unique?

A
amino group
B
carboxyl group
C
R group
D
phosphate group
8

Which is a function of nucleic acids?

A
create movement
B
provide structure
C
store genetic information
D
fight disease
9

What effect has breast cancer research had on society?

A
People who have gene mutations have more treatment options.
B
People now face an increased risk of breast cancer.
C
The complete history of breast cancer is now known.
D
Breast cancer research has no impact outside of a lab.
10

Who discovered the monomers of nucleic acids?

A
Phoebus Levene
B
James Watson, Francis Crick, and Rosalind Franklin
C
Friedrich Miescher
D
Gerardus Johannes Mulder and Jöns Jacob Berxelius

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