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Cell Differentiation and Specialization Answers

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When a disease-causing agent enters an organism, the immune system alerts which specialized cells?

A
red blood cells
B
epithelial cells
C
white blood cells
D
somatic stem cells
2
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Which best describes red blood cells?

A
They are colorless.
B
They protect against disease-carrying microorganisms.
C
They transport oxygen throughout the body.
D
They aid in blood clotting.
3

Which series lists the stages of development in the gestational process in order, from beginning to end?

A
gametes ® embryo ® zygote ® fetus ® organism
B
gametes ® zygote ® embryo ® fetus ® organism
C
embryo ® gametes ® zygote ® fetus ® organism
D
zygote ® gametes ® embryo ® fetus ® organism
4

Which statement best describes embryonic stem cells?

A
Embryonic stem cells are capable of self-renewal only.
B
Embryonic stem cells are capable of differentiation only.
C
Embryonic stem cells are capable of self-renewal and limited differentiation.
D
Embryonic stem cells are capable of self-renewal and unlimited differentiation.
5

Living organisms respond to changes in environmental conditions such as temperature. Which lists the correct order in which body structures would respond to such a change?

A
tissue, cell, organ, organ system, organism
B
tissue, cell, organ system, organ, organism
C
cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
D
cell, tissue, organ system, organ, organism
6

Athletes training at high altitudes adapt to air with lower oxygen levels than air at sea level. Which cells are most likely to increase in number as a result of this adaptation?

A
neurons
B
red blood cells
C
white blood cells
D
muscle cells
7

Which cell is unspecialized?

A
blood cell
B
stem cell
C
epithelial cell
D
gamete
8

What is a source of stem cells that has the characteristics of self-renewal and limited differentiation?

A
Embryonic cell
B
Somatic cell
C
Amniotic fluid
D
Heart muscle
9

Which is a source of adult stem cells?

A
bone marrow
B
amniotic fluid
C
embryos
D
gametes
10

Which of these pairings is incorrect?

A
blood cells, components of blood
B
neurons, conduct electrical impulses
C
epithelial cells, react to stimuli
D
muscle cells, elongated cells that can contract

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