Cellular Energy — Test Answers

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The chemical reaction equation of photosynthesis is shown here: 6 CO sub 2 plus 6 cap h sub 2 cap o rightarrow cap c sub 6 cap h sub 12 cap o sub 6 plus 6 cap o sub 2 What information is not given in this equation.

It does not show if the reaction is reversible.

It does not show the reactants needed for the reaction.

It does not show that photosynthesis consists of many separate steps.

It does not show the number of molecules required to produce glucose.

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Which organism would be the best subject for a study of both photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

a chemosynthetic bacterium

an animal that eats plants

a green plant

an animal that eats animals

Which speeds up the reaction between carbon dioxide and RuBP to restart the Calvin Cycle?

rubisco

3-phosphoglycerate

light energy

glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

Which specific process in the light-dependent reactions produces oxygen and hydrogen ions?

the production of ATP

the formation of NADPH

the excitation of electrons in photosytem I

the splitting of water

If a runner is doing vigorous exercise, which results from the anaerobic cellular process?

accumulation of lactic acid

depletion of ethanol

accumulation of oxygen

depletion of carbon dioxide

An important difference between cellular respiration and photosynthesis is that when cellular respiration begins, glucose molecules are split. However, when photosynthesis begins

oxygen molecules are split.

water molecules are split.

carbon dioxide molecules are split.

ADP molecules are split.

To which substance does ferredoxin transfer an electron?

NADPH

photosystem II

photosystem I

NADP +

Which statement correctly compares the body’s energy storage molecules?

Proteins are the body’s main source of energy, but lipids contain most of the body’s stored energy.

Glycogen is the body’s main source of energy, but proteins contain most of the body’s stored energy.

Glycogen is the body’s main source of energy, but lipids contain most of the body’s stored energy.

Lipids are the body’s main source of energy, but glycogen contains most of the body’s stored energy.

Which statement correctly compares and contrasts the three stages of cellular respiration that occur in the presence of oxygen?

Each stage produces ATP, but only the third stage occurs in the mitochondria.

Each stage produces ATP, but only the first stage occurs in the cytoplasm.

Each stage occurs in the mitochondria, but only the final stage produces ATP.

Each stage occurs in the cytoplasm, but only the final stage produces ATP.

What role does cellular respiration play in the carbon cycle?

It removes CO sub 2 from the atmosphere during the citric acid cycle.

It releases CO sub 2 to the atmosphere during acetyl CoA formation.

It releases CO sub 2 to the atmosphere during electron transport.

It removes CO sub 2 from the atmosphere during glycolysis.

Which statement explains how ATP and its phosphate groups are related to the energy that is used in plant processes?

ADP gains a phosphate group to create ATP, which stores energy for making sugars.

ADP loses a phosphate group to create ATP; this process instantly releases energy for making sugars.

ADP loses a phosphate group to create ATP, which stores energy for making sugars.

ADP gains a phosphate group to create ATP; this process results from sugar production.

Which events take place in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

Light energy is captured by plants; light energy is used to make sugar.

Light energy is converted to sugars; sugars are broken down for energy.

Light energy is converted to chemical energy; chemical energy is used to make sugar.

Light energy is captured by plants; light energy is converted to chemical energy.

During photosynthesis, the energy from sunlight is used to split water molecules. What happens to the hydrogen ions that are split from the water molecules?

They flow out of the thylakoid, where they stimulate enzymes to break apart ATP.

They build up in the thylakoid, providing energy to break apart ATP molecules.

They build up in the thylakoid, where they bond to each other to create ATP.

They flow out of the thylakoid, providing energy to add a phosphate group to ADP.

During gym class, Raul walks briskly for a half hour. Jenna decides to sprint and run the bleachers for the same amount of time. Which statement best compares the cellular processes occurring in each student during this time?

Raul’s cells are producing more lactic acid than Jenna’s cells.

Jenna’s cells are producing more lactic acid than Raul’s cells.

Jenna’s cells are using more protein than Raul’s cells.

Raul’s cells are using more glycogen than Jenna’s cells.

At which point is G3P removed from the Calvin cycle to be used in the production of carbohydrates?

immediately after reduction

during carbon fixation

during photophosphorylation

immediately after regeneration

Cells use different processes at different times to provide an organism with the energy that it needs. Spirulina is an autotrophic bacteria that can be found in freshwater and marine environments. Which process takes place in the cells of Spirulina that does not occur in the cells of a human?

anaerobic respiration

aerobic respiration

photosynthesis

cellular respiration

If the number of photosynthetic organisms on Earth decreased drastically, which would happen as a result?

Less solar energy would reach Earth’s atmosphere.

More oxygen gas would be found in Earth’s atmosphere.

Less water would be available on Earth’s surface.

More carbon dioxide gas would be found in Earth’s atmosphere.

In what way are the light-dependent and light-independent reactions of photosynthesis similar?

Both produce oxygen as a byproduct.

Both occur in the chloroplast.

Both require chemical energy to proceed.

Both involve carbon fixation.

After Frida stops exercising, she continues to breathe heavily. What is most likely occurring in her body?

Strenuous exercise has caused her body to be in oxygen debt, and she is breathing hard while lactate is transported to the liver. This is a result of anaerobic respiration.

Heavy breathing during exercise has produced a carbon dioxide surplus in her muscles. Lactate is being transported to her liver. This is a result of aerobic respiration.

Heavy breathing during exercise has produced an oxygen surplus in her muscles. This oxygen is being transported to her lungs. This is a result of aerobic respiration.

Strenuous exercise has caused her body to be in carbon dioxide debt, and she is breathing hard while lactate is transported to the liver. This is a result of anaerobic respiration.

Which process connects glycolysis and the citric acid cycle?

Krebs cycle

lactic acid formation

electron transport

acetyl CoA formation

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