Answers Madison 2017 Phy Sci A-35 SSChemical Bonding

Chemical Bonding Answers

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When sodium atoms (Na) and chlorine atoms (Cl) join to make sodium chloride, or table salt, they form an ionic bond. Using this information, which pair of elements is most likely to form an ionic bond?

potassium (K) and fluorine (F)

aluminum (Al) and aluminum (Al)

sulfur (S) and oxygen (O)

calcium (Ca) and neon (Ne)

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Which atom is most likely to form a metallic bond?

aluminum (Al)

helium (He)

phosphorus (P)

carbon (C)

Helium (He) and neon (Ne) are elements in Group 8A of the periodic table. How do the electron dot diagrams of these elements compare?

The electron dot diagram of helium has six fewer dots than the electron dot diagram of neon.

The electron dot diagram of helium has eight fewer dots than the electron dot diagram of neon.

Both the electron dot diagram of helium and the electron dot diagram of neon have two dots.

Both the electron dot diagram of helium and the electron dot diagram of neon have eight dots.

Based on the location of nitrogen (N) on the periodic table, how many additional electrons does a nitrogen atom need in its valence shell to satisfy the octet rule when it forms bonds?

one

three

five

eight

Which is a force that holds atoms together?

chemical bond

electron shell

valence electron

chemical formula

The diagram shows an electron shell model of a sodium atom.

The third shell would have eight electrons after the atom gains seven electrons to fill the outermost shell.

The third shell would be empty so that the eight electrons in the second level would be outermost after the atom loses one electron.

The first and third shells would be empty so that the atom would have eight electrons in its remaining shell after the atom loses three electrons.

The first shell would have two electrons and the second shell would have six electrons after the atom loses three electrons.

Metal atoms tend to give away valence electrons when they bond with nonmetal atoms. What type of bond will form between the metal and nonmetal atoms and why does this bond form?

A covalent bond will form because electrons are transferred.

An ionic bond will form because electrons are transferred.

A covalent bond will form because electrons are shared.

An ionic bond will form because electrons are shared.

How many dots belong in the electron dot diagram of a boron (B) atom?

three

five

eight

thirteen

Lead is malleable, so it can be pounded into flat sheets without breaking. How does the bonding within lead help to explain this property?

Metallic bonds involve valence electrons that are removed from one atom and given to another, so the pounding helps the electrons move.

Covalent bonds involve valence electrons that are shared between two metal atoms, so the bonds are strong enough to resist the pounding.

Metallic bonds involve many valence electrons shared by many atoms, so the bonds can move around as the metal is pounded.

Covalent bonds involve valence electrons that are removed from one atom and given to another, so the pounding helps the electrons move.

Which pairs of elements do not have to satisfy the octet rule for stability?

potassium (K) and sodium (Na)

neon (Ne) and argon (Ar)

oxygen (O) and fluorine (F)

helium (He) and hydrogen (H)

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