Answers26-27 - C - RUSD Chemistry in the Earth SystemChemistry of Climate Change - Part 1

Chemistry of Climate Change - Part 1 — Test Answers

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1
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Arrange the steps of a Hadley cell in the correct sequence. Place the first step at the top of the list.

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2
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Decide whether each tool is primarily for observation or prediction.

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5

Which city experienced a more rapid warming trend and steeper pressure drop?

A
City B
B
City A
C
Both cities experienced the same changes.
D
Neither city showed a warming trend or pressure drop.
6

What best explains the shift in rainfall patterns described in these two regions?

A
A buildup of warm water altered evaporation and rainfall patterns across the Pacific.
B
The jet stream shifted and altered air pressure and seasonal rainfall paths.
C
Disrupted convection zones caused irregular monsoons and regional drought.
D
Weakening trade winds reduced ocean upwelling and shifted heat eastward.
7

Which atmospheric combination most likely contributed to the storm strengthening in Region A?

A
high pressure and low humidity
B
low temperature and high pressure
C
high humidity and low pressure
D
moderate pressure and warm air
9

Bromine gas in a container is heated over a flame. What happens to the average kinetic energy of the bromine particles?

A
It decreases rapidly.
B
It remains the same.
C
It decreases slowly.
D
It increases quickly.
10

A perfume bottle is dropped in the corner of a room and it shattered. The odor of the perfume can be detected on the other side of the room. Which statement best describes this observation?

A
Particles are moving through a small opening into a smaller volume .
B
Particles are moving through a small opening into a larger volume .
C
Particles are moving from regions of low concentration to high concentration.
D
Particles are moving from regions of high concentration to low concentration.
11

Arrange the layers of the atmosphere in order of distance from Earth’s surface. Place the layer farthest from Earth’s surface at the top of the list and the layer closest to the surface at the bottom.

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12

Which is an aspect of the kinetic-molecular theory and can be used to explain the behavior of plasmas?

A
Particles vibrate quickly in stationary positions.
B
Particles exchange energy through elastic collisions.
C
Particle spacing can allow a very high density.
D
Particle kinetic energy is independent of temperature.
13

Which is the best example of immiscible liquids?

A
two polar liquids that have high surface tensions
B
two nonpolar liquids that can dissolve into one another
C
a polar liquid and a nonpolar liquid that have low surface tensions
D
a polar liquid and a nonpolar liquid that do not dissolve into one another
14

Match each atmospheric layer with its description.

Answer:

highest temperatures due to absorption of radiation|coldest layer, in the middle of the atmosphere|second lowest layer, temperature increases with altitude|lowest layer, contains most of the air|outermost layer, very thin air gradually thins into space

15

Water’s molar mass is 18 point 0 1 g over mol The molar mass of glycerol is 92 point 0 9 g over mol At 25 times degree C , glycerol is more viscous than water. Which substance has the stronger intermolecular attraction?

A
glycerol because it has a larger molar mass
B
water because it is less viscous and has a lower molar mass
C
water because it has a lower molar mass
D
glycerol because it is more viscous and has a larger molar mass
16

Which combination of air masses is most likely to produce a fast-moving storm front?

A
a cold, dry air mass pushing into a warm, humid air mass
B
two air masses with similar temperature and humidity meet with little movement
C
a warm, dry air mass replacing another warm, dry air mass
D
a warm, humid air mass slowly moving over a cold, dry air mass
17

If cloud cover over a tropical ocean increases significantly, what is the most likely outcome for solar energy absorption and heat redistribution?

A
Solar energy absorption will decrease because thick clouds reflect more sunlight back into space.
B
Solar energy will be absorbed more quickly because dark ocean water heats faster under cloud cover.
C
Solar energy will remain unchanged because clouds have no effect on incoming radiation.
D
Solar energy absorption will increase because clouds trap more incoming sunlight near the surface.
18

How has atmospheric composition changed over time?

A
There has been a decrease in the amount of carbon dioxide in the air.
B
There has been a slight decline in the amount of carbon dioxide in the air.
C
There has been no change in the amount of carbon dioxide in the air.
D
There has been an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the air.
20

What is the most likely cause of the weather change between 11:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m.?

A
a high-pressure system brought fog
B
a cold front pushed in cooler, moist air
C
a tropical air mass stalled over the region
D
a warm front brought clear skies

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