AnswersChemistryColligative Properties

Colligative Properties — Quiz Answers

49 verified answers2 views
21
Free Preview

Which statement about electrolytes and nonelectrolytes is not true?

A
Electrolytes disperse as molecules in a solution.
B
Nonelectrolytes include all molecular compounds that do not have a full charge.
C
Electrolytes dissociate into ions in the solution.
D
Nonelectrolytes include cap c sub 6 cap h sub 12 cap o sub 6 and cap c sub 6 cap h sub 6 .
22
Free Preview

Which of the following is a nonelectrolyte?

A
Pb open paren NO sub 3 close paren sub 2
B
cap c sub 6 cap h sub 12 cap o sub 6
C
Ag times open paren cap c sub 2 cap h sub 3 cap o sub 2 close paren
D
Na sub 2 SO sub 4
23

Which graph correctly shows the effect on the freezing point caused by increasing the molality of a solution ?

A
Image with description A graph has a horizontal axis labeled as molality and a vertical axis labeled as F subscript P. The horizontal axis ranges from negative 2 to 6 in increments of 1 and the vertical axis ranges from negative 9 to 2 in increments of 1. The graph has five plotted points at (0 comma 0), (1 point 0 comma negative 1 point 8), (2 point 0 comma negative 1 point 8), (3 point 0 comma negative 1 point 8), and (4 point 0 comma negative 1 point 8).
B
Image with description A graph has a horizontal axis labeled as molality and a vertical axis labeled as F subscript P. The horizontal axis ranges from negative 2 to 6 in increments of 1 and the vertical axis ranges from negative 9 to 2 in increments of 1. The graph has five plotted points at (0 comma 0), (1 point 0 comma negative 1 point 8), (2 point 0 comma negative 3 point 8), (3 point 0 comma negative 5 point 4), and (4 point 0 comma negative 7 point 2).
C
Image with description A graph has a horizontal axis labeled as molality and a vertical axis labeled as F subscript P. The horizontal axis ranges from negative 2 to 6 in increments of 1 and the vertical axis ranges from negative 9 to 2 in increments of 1. The graph has five plotted points at (0 comma 0), (1 point 0 comma negative 1 point 8), (2 point 0 comma negative 3 point 8), (3 point 0 comma negative 1 point 8), and (4 point 0 comma negative 3 point 8).
D
Image with description A graph has a horizontal axis labeled as molality and a vertical axis labeled as F subscript P. The horizontal axis ranges from negative 2 to 6 in increments of 1 and the vertical axis ranges from negative 9 to 2 in increments of 1. The graph has five plotted points at (0 comma 0), (0 point 9 comma negative 7 point 5), (2 point 0 comma negative 5 point 6), (2 point 9 comma negative 3 point 7), and (3 point 9 comma negative 1 point 8).
24

How would the vapor pressure of a solution that contains 0 point 5 mol of CaCl sub 2 in 1 point 0 kilograms of water compare with the vapor pressure of a solution that contains 1 point 5 mol of glucose in 1 point 0 kilograms of water?

A
three times as large
B
the same
C
one-third as large
D
nine times as large
25

A solution contains 6 point 2 1 g of ethylene glycol dissolved in 25 point 0 g of water. If water has a boiling point elevation constant of 0 point 5 1 2 times degree C times kg/mol , what is the boiling point of the solution? (molar mass of ethylene glycol is equal to 62 point 1 g/mol ; boiling point of pure water is equal to 100 point 0 0 times degree C ) Use triangle cap t sub b is equal to cap k sub bm

A
97 point 9 5 times degree C
B
100 point 1 3 times degree C
C
102 point 0 5 times degree C
D
99 point 4 9 times degree C
26

A student placed equal volumes of honey and of water in two, identical, open dishes, and left them at room temperature for 8 hours. She observed that the amount of water decreased, but the amount of honey seemed unchanged. Knowing that honey is a highly concentrated solution of sugar in water, which statement should the student make to explain this phenomenon?

A
Honey has a much lower freezing point than water has. So, water evaporates at a much higher rate.
B
Honey has no vapor pressure. So, water evaporates at a much higher rate.
C
Honey has a much higher vapor pressure than water has. So, water evaporates at a much higher rate.
D
Honey has a much lower vapor pressure than pure water has. So, pure water evaporates at a much higher rate.
27

Saline is a solution that contains a certain amount of NaCl and is designed to have the same osmotic pressure as normal blood cells. Doctors often give saline to patients who have lost blood. Which of the following explains why glucose of the same molality cannot attain the same effect as saline?

A
Sodium and chloride ions can pass freely through the membranes of red blood cells, but glucose molecules cannot pass through the membranes.
B
Each formula unit of NaCl will give two particles because of ionization, but each molecule of glucose dissolves to give only one particle. Osmotic pressure for glucose will be lower than is required.
C
Osmotic pressure increases with the decrease in the number of particles of solute in the solution. NaCl provides fewer particles per formula unit than glucose does.
D
Glucose would not maintain osmotic pressure because on dissociation it forms two particles per formula unit, but NaCl would give only one particle per formula unit. Osmotic pressure is higher when the number of particles decreases.
28

Which of the following does not involve colligative properties?

A
Ethylene glycol is added to water, and the solution is used to keep ice from forming in a car’s engine.
B
Calcium silicide is added to liquid steel to increase the steel’s ability to freeze.
C
Snowplows spread salt on cleared roadways during the winter to lower the freezing point of water and prevent melted snow from freezing.
D
When glucose concentration is greater outside the blood cell than inside the cell, water flows out of the cell.
29

Saline is a solution that contains a certain amount of NaCl and is designed to have the same osmotic pressure as normal blood cells. Doctors often give saline to patients who have lost blood. Which of the following explains why glucose of the same molality cannot attain the same effect as saline?

A
Glucose would not maintain osmotic pressure because on dissociation it forms two particles per formula unit, but NaCl would give only one particle per formula unit. Osmotic pressure is higher when the number of particles decreases.
B
Sodium and chloride ions can pass freely through the membranes of red blood cells, but glucose molecules cannot pass through the membranes.
C
Each formula unit of NaCl will give two particles because of ionization, but each molecule of glucose dissolves to give only one particle. Osmotic pressure for glucose will be lower than is required.
D
Osmotic pressure increases with the decrease in the number of particles of solute in the solution. NaCl provides fewer particles per formula unit than glucose does.
30

Which graph correctly shows the effect on the freezing point caused by increasing the molality of a solution ?

A
Image with description A graph has a horizontal axis labeled as molality and a vertical axis labeled as F subscript P. The horizontal axis ranges from negative 2 to 6 in increments of 1 and the vertical axis ranges from negative 9 to 2 in increments of 1. The graph has five plotted points at (0 comma 0), (1 point 0 comma negative 1 point 8), (2 point 0 comma negative 1 point 8), (3 point 0 comma negative 1 point 8), and (4 point 0 comma negative 1 point 8).
B
Image with description A graph has a horizontal axis labeled as molality and a vertical axis labeled as F subscript P. The horizontal axis ranges from negative 2 to 6 in increments of 1 and the vertical axis ranges from negative 9 to 2 in increments of 1. The graph has five plotted points at (0 comma 0), (1 point 0 comma negative 1 point 8), (2 point 0 comma negative 3 point 8), (3 point 0 comma negative 1 point 8), and (4 point 0 comma negative 3 point 8).
C
Image with description A graph has a horizontal axis labeled as molality and a vertical axis labeled as F subscript P. The horizontal axis ranges from negative 2 to 6 in increments of 1 and the vertical axis ranges from negative 9 to 2 in increments of 1. The graph has five plotted points at (0 comma 0), (0 point 9 comma negative 7 point 5), (2 point 0 comma negative 5 point 6), (2 point 9 comma negative 3 point 7), and (3 point 9 comma negative 1 point 8).
D
Image with description A graph has a horizontal axis labeled as molality and a vertical axis labeled as F subscript P. The horizontal axis ranges from negative 2 to 6 in increments of 1 and the vertical axis ranges from negative 9 to 2 in increments of 1. The graph has five plotted points at (0 comma 0), (1 point 0 comma negative 1 point 8), (2 point 0 comma negative 3 point 8), (3 point 0 comma negative 5 point 4), and (4 point 0 comma negative 7 point 2).
31

Which statement about electrolytes and nonelectrolytes is not true?

A
Electrolytes dissociate into ions in the solution.
B
Nonelectrolytes include cap c sub 6 cap h sub 12 cap o sub 6 and cap c sub 6 cap h sub 6 .
C
Nonelectrolytes include all molecular compounds that do not have a full charge.
D
Electrolytes disperse as molecules in a solution.
32

Which of the following is an electrolyte?

A
cap c sub 12 cap h sub 22 cap o sub 11
B
CH sub 3 CH sub 2 OH sub
C
CH sub 4 OH
D
Ca open paren NO sub 3 close paren sub 2
33

A student placed equal volumes of honey and of water in two, identical, open dishes, and left them at room temperature for 8 hours. She observed that the amount of water decreased, but the amount of honey seemed unchanged. Knowing that honey is a highly concentrated solution of sugar in water, which statement should the student make to explain this phenomenon?

A
Honey has a much lower vapor pressure than pure water has. So, pure water evaporates at a much higher rate.
B
Honey has no vapor pressure. So, water evaporates at a much higher rate.
C
Honey has a much higher vapor pressure than water has. So, water evaporates at a much higher rate.
D
Honey has a much lower freezing point than water has. So, water evaporates at a much higher rate.
34

A group of students is in the laboratory performing an experiment on the effect of adding salt to water. Which observation are students likely to make as they increase the molality of the saltwater solution?

A
As the molality increases by 1 m , there is a corresponding decrease of 1 point 8 6 times degree C in the solution’s freezing point.
B
As the molality increases by 1 m , there is a corresponding increase of 1 point 8 6 times degree C in the solution’s freezing point.
C
As the molality increases by 1 m , there is no observable change in the solution’s freezing point.
D
As the molality increases by 1 m , there is an initial decrease of 1 point 8 6 times degree C followed by an increase of 1 point 8 6 times degree C in the solution’s freezing point.
35

If you make a solution by dissolving 1 point 0 mol of FeCl sub 3 into 1 point 0 kilograms of water, how would the osmotic pressure of this solution compare with the osmotic pressure of a solution that is made from 1 point 0 mol of glucose in 1 point 0 kilograms of water?

A
twice as large
B
the same
C
four times as large
D
one-half as large
36

A student lives in a place that receives lots of snow and ice during the winter. The student has observed that the highway department spreads salt on the road after a snowfall. Which of the following correctly explains why the highway department uses salt on the roads?

A
Salt lowers the osmotic pressure of water, which makes the melted snow more likely to be absorbed into the ground before it freezes.
B
Salt lowers the freezing point of water, which makes the melted snow on the road less likely to form ice.
C
Salt raises the vapor pressure of water, which makes the melted snow more likely to evaporate before it freezes.
D
Salt raises the freezing point of water, which makes the melted snow on the road less likely to form ice.
37

If you make a solution by dissolving 1 point 0 mol of FeCl sub 3 into 1 point 0 kilograms of water, how would the osmotic pressure of this solution compare with the osmotic pressure of a solution that is made from 1 point 0 mol of glucose in 1 point 0 kilograms of water?

A
four times as large
B
twice as large
C
the same
D
one-half as large
38

If you make a solution by dissolving 1 point 0 mol of FeCl sub 3 into 1 point 0 kilograms of water, how would the osmotic pressure of this solution compare with the osmotic pressure of a solution that is made from 1 point 0 mol of glucose in 1 point 0 kilograms of water?

A
twice as large
B
four times as large
C
the same
D
one-half as large
39

A solution contains 6 point 2 1 g of ethylene glycol dissolved in 25 point 0 g of water. If water has a boiling point elevation constant of 0 point 5 1 2 times degree C times kg/mol , what is the boiling point of the solution? (molar mass of ethylene glycol is equal to 62 point 1 g/mol ; boiling point of pure water is equal to 100 point 0 0 times degree C ) Use triangle cap t sub b is equal to cap k sub bm

A
99 point 4 9 times degree C
B
100 point 1 3 times degree C
C
97 point 9 5 times degree C
D
102 point 0 5 times degree C
40

Which of the following is a nonelectrolyte?

A
Ag times open paren cap c sub 2 cap h sub 3 cap o sub 2 close paren
B
cap c sub 6 cap h sub 12 cap o sub 6
C
Pb open paren NO sub 3 close paren sub 2
D
Na sub 2 SO sub 4

Did you find these answers helpful?

More from this Course

Quiz
40 verified answers

Quiz

Quiz
30 verified answers

Quiz

Quiz
10 verified answers

Quiz