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Challenges Facing the Modern Urban Space — Cumulative exam Answers

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21
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How did the government of Egypt change the natural state of the Nile River?

A
They constructed the Aswan Dam to eliminate seasonal flooding.
B
They diverted the river to Cairo to increase the city’s water supply.
C
They increased the size of the floodplain to increase agricultural yields.
D
They constructed chinampas along the river to increase arable land.
22
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Which of the following statements best explains interactions between cultures and their environments?

A
Some cultures try to modify or dominate the environment, while others tend to live in harmony with it.
B
Cultures tend to choose regions with an environment that is best suited to them.
C
Most cultures throughout history have lived with utter disregard for the environment.
D
Advanced cultures tend to live in harmony with the environment, while primitive cultures tend to destroy the environment.
23

Which of the following is not a challenge to instituting sound global environmental policies?

A
Most changes are inexpensive and easy to implement.
B
Elected leaders who support unpopular environmental issues often are not re-elected.
C
Economic considerations outweigh environmental ones in many societies.
D
There is no way to enforce international environmental agreements.
24

Examine the map showing population change in South America.

Question illustration
A
Argentina’s population grew at a faster rate than did Peru’s population.
B
Uruguay was the only country in South America to see a decrease in population.
C
French Guiana experienced the fastest increase in population of all the countries in South America.
D
Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Suriname had the lowest rates of population growth of all South American countries.
25

Which is the greatest effect of the westernization and commoditization of culture?

A
Westernization and commoditization create a global culture that allows competing marketers to drive down product costs.
B
Westernization and commoditization benefit only core countries' business executives by increasing their paychecks.
C
Westernization and commoditization overlook peripheral countries and provide no incentives for their involvement in international trade.
D
Westernization and commoditization emphasize diversity of culture rather than the homogenization of the world into a global culture.
26

Agricultural products that are produced extremely long distances from the US can be sold in American markets today due to __________.

A
little demand for fruit and produce existing year-round
B
speeds of transportation being decreased
C
refrigeration and preservation techniques being improved
D
fewer Americans being engaged in farming
27

Which historical event encouraged the migration of two million Iranians to Europe, North America, and Australia in less than 30 years?

A
the Holocaust
B
genocide
C
the Islamic Revolution
D
the fall of communism in Eastern Europe
28

The term “human capital flight” describes the migration of __________.

A
criminals seeking to avoid capital punishment in their home country
B
key individuals from the capital city of their home country
C
bureaucrats to the capital of the host country
D
highly trained or skilled professionals away from their home country
29

Which of the following statements best explains how the increased popularity of the automobile encouraged the growth of suburbs?

A
People with automobiles needed garages.
B
Workers were able to live farther from their jobs.
C
There was no room to keep automobiles in large cities.
D
People could afford larger houses because mass-produced automobiles were cheap.
30

Which statements correctly describe cities in Asia? Select two options.

A
Delhi is in Central Asia.
B
Mumbai is in South Asia.
C
Shanghai is in East Asia.
D
Tokyo is in Southeast Asia.
E
Beijing is in Southwest Asia.
31

Which of the following is the best definition of globalization?

A
the removal of political influence from world economies
B
the drift of continents toward the geographic center of the Earth
C
the process of the world becoming more connected
D
the addition of economic interests to global cultural interests
32

Analyze the photo below and answer the question that follows. Photo by Oliver Spalt The neighborhood in the photo above is an enclave. In which of the following cities might we find this neighborhood?

Question illustration
A
Shanghai, China
B
Beijing, China
C
London, England
D
It could be in any of the cities above.
33

Which of the following definitions best describes an enclave?

A
a separate part of a city dedicated largely to one group
B
an industrial neighborhood in a manufacturing zone
C
an area around a city that has not been influenced by immigrants
D
a region of a city that was established as off-limits to immigrants
34

Examine the map of North American physical regions.Which physical region is found in all three countries of North America?

Question illustration
A
Great Plains
B
Interior Lowlands
C
Basin and Range
D
Appalachian Mountains
35

When two countries sign a free trade agreement, they are agreeing to __________.

A
reduce import and export barriers
B
create new trade quotas
C
reduce the volume of trade
D
create protectionist policies
36

Which of the following statements about factors that influence migration is false?

A
Financial opportunities often encourage humans to migrate.
B
Technological advancements make migration easier and faster.
C
Healthcare and education are not pull factors that encourage migration.
D
A region’s culture can encourage migration and settlement.
37

When geographers study an environment's __________ capacity, they study the population that can be sustained by the environment's resources.

A
governmental
B
carrying
C
urban
D
natural
38

What explains the increase in London’s population from 958,863 in 1801 to 4,776,661 in 1881?

A
The Agricultural Revolution led to increases in agricultural production and resulted in a greater rural population.
B
Widespread disease and poor sanitation severely impacted London’s population in the early 1800s: it did not rebound until the late 1800s due to improved nutrition.
C
The Industrial Revolution created more jobs and resulted in a greater urban population.
D
Immigration to London from New York City sparked a massive population increase.
39

Which of the following statements about how westernization has impacted the global economy is false?

A
Westernization creates a global culture that expands the market for goods and services across the globe.
B
Westernization increases competition among goods’ producers, which drives down cost for the consumer.
C
Westernization maintains individual ethnic cultures and caters to individual countries and their demands.
D
Westernization promotes capitalism and industrialization, thus providing jobs in developing nations.
40

Trade barriers are designed to accomplish all of the following goals EXCEPT:

A
securing economies against overseas competition
B
removing restrictions that prevent imports and exports
C
protecting industries that are vital to national interests
D
preventing the loss of jobs to other countries

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