Cumulative Exam — Cumulative exam Answers

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Which of the following best explains why marine debris is not caused solely by countries bordering the ocean?

A
Marine debris mostly originates from oceangoing ships.
B
Debris is carried to the ocean by winds, rivers, and storms.
C
Marine debris originates from natural sources.
D
None of the above
23

Which of the following would be expected to have the greatest impact on primary productivity?

A
chemical energy
B
nutrient availability
C
solar energy
D
water availability
25

What characteristic sets streams and rivers apart?

A
water quality
B
direction of flow
C
size
D
biodiversity
26

The introduction of Caulerpa, also known as killer algae, into California was ultimately the result of _______.

A
hull fouling
B
the aquarium trade in exotic, nonnative aquatic species
C
intentional release
D
an algae farming company
27

Which of the following most significantly determines a community's access to potable water?

A
access to clean raw water sources
B
the availability of money
C
local drought conditions
D
the level of industrial development
30

Zoning laws establish _______.

A
what types of buildings can be built in an area
B
the uses an area of land can be put to
C
who can live in an area
D
the types of business that can occupy a building
32

Energy in most ecosystems must flow through autotrophs because ______.

A
only autotrophs can convert solar energy into chemical energy
B
autotrophs are simpler organisms than heterotrophs
C
heterotrophs only generate a small fraction of their energy from photosynthesis.
D
all of the above
33

Why does fossil fuel use in the United States make the U.S. vulnerable to the political wishes of foreign countries?

A
The US is a net exporter of fossil fuels.
B
Fossil fuels lead to global climate change.
C
The US imports much of its petroleum from foreign countries which set the prices.
D
All of the above.
35

How does the use of hydroelectric energy compare to the use of coal?

A
Hydroelectric energy is more commonly used than coal.
B
Hydroelectric energy is associated with less waste production than coal.
C
Hydroelectric energy has a larger environmental impact than coal use.
D
Hydroelectric energy requires more land space than coal use.
39

The largest supply of Earth’s freshwater is stored in _______.

A
lakes and rivers
B
groundwater
C
the atmosphere
D
glaciers and icecaps
40

Which of the following is a possible cost of using renewable resources?

A
loss of animal species
B
land degradation
C
lower availability of freshwater
D
all of the above

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