When 122 is decreased by five times a number, the result is equal to the number increased by 20. What is the number?

Let the number be x. “122 decreased by five times a number” is 122 − 5x, and “the number increased by 20” is x + 20, so 122 − 5x = x + 20. Solving gives 102 = 6x, so x = 17; the correct choice is 17.

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