Environmental Issues — Cumulative exam Answers

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21
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Which events increased tensions between the Japan and the United States in the late 1930s? Select three options.

A
Japan attacked the US at Pearl Harbor.
B
Japan continued its expansion into China.
C
Japan joined the Allied countries.
D
Japan joined the Axis countries.
E
Japan barred trade with the US.
F
Japan invaded French Indochina.
22
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Talks between Gorbachev and President Ronald Reagan led to

A
a build-up of arms.
B
a new arms treaty.
C
the beginning of the Cold War.
D
the extension of détente.
23

Which statements best explains what happened to Chinese workers during the Great Leap Forward? Select three options.

A
Workers experienced pay raises as agricultural and industrial production rose.
B
Workers were organized into large communes in cities and countrysides.
C
Workers were forced to comply with rules through torture and abuse.
D
Workers flourished because they could choose what they did for a living.
E
Workers lived in dormitories and ate in dining rooms away from family.
F
Workers bought homes and property because they were financially stable.
24

Why were party leaders shocked by Krushchev’s rejection of Stalin?

A
Stalin had kept everyone safe for a long time.
B
Stalin had expanded Soviet rule over many countries.
C
The party had grown accustomed to Stalin’s decisions.
D
The party believed that Stalin was a noble leader.
25

The image shows oil seeping out of an oil well.The most likely effect of this kind of pollution would be

Question illustration
A
minor, because it can be cleaned up quickly and easily.
B
major, because it can affect people’s health.
C
limited, because oil is not a pollutant like pesticides or waste.
D
insignificant, because oil rarely affects the fertility of the soil.
26

What happened to China’s economy during the Great Leap Forward?

A
The economy went backward.
B
The economy moved ahead.
C
The economy was modernized.
D
The economy stayed the same.
27

Most of those Russians drafted to fight in World War I were peasants. This resulted in a(n)

A
scarcity of food, so people died of starvation.
B
untrained and unprepared military force.
C
appeal to women to do peasants’ jobs.
D
reason for the tsar to shut down peasant factories.
28

The official ideology of a totalitarian government is based on

A
the expectation that some of its citizens will participate.
B
the discouragement of citizen dissent but acceptance of other ideas.
C
particular ideas and beliefs that shape the government.
D
many leaders enforcing the government’s ideology.
29

Which of these is a demographic shift that has resulted from China’s one-child policy?

A
declining average age
B
shrinking population
C
gender imbalance
D
greater emigration
30

Which best describes the changes Deng Xiaoping sought to make in China?

A
He wanted to remove capitalist influences.
B
He wanted to modernize the country.
C
He wanted to remove socialist influences.
D
He wanted to privatize all industry.
31

Which statement describes Ayatollah Khomeini?

A
He served as the last shah of Iran.
B
He became the first democratic president of Iran.
C
He helped found the Muslim Brotherhood.
D
He established an Islamic theocracy.
32

Instead of a troika coming to power after Lenin’s death in 1924, what happened?

A
There were general elections, and Stalin was able to gain power.
B
There was a power struggle between Stalin and Trotsky, and Trotsky won.
C
There was a civil war, and the armed forces led by Stalin were able to prevail.
D
There was a power struggle between Stalin and Trotsky, and Stalin won.
33

Which main groups supported Mussolini’s effort to overthrow the government in Italy?

A
union leaders, peasants, and businessmen
B
soldiers, farm laborers, and factory workers
C
army officers, wealthy landowners, and industrialists
D
navy officers, wealthy politicians, and foreign officials
34

What did Lenin mean when he described the “transitional phase” of the Russian Revolution?

A
Free elections would be held in a few years.
B
True Communism would exist in the near future.
C
The tsar would be returned to power.
D
The economy would be mostly agricultural.
35

Lebensraum involved the Nazi belief that Germany

A
had the right to take control of Western Europe.
B
had the right to expand its military through conscription.
C
needed to expand its borders for population growth.
D
needed to reject provisions in the Treaty of Versailles.
36

In the mid-1950s, Polish workers rebelled because they wanted

A
political reforms.
B
better pay.
C
more personal freedom.
D
national independence.
37

Which countries were satellite states of the Soviet Union after World War II?

A
East Germany and West Germany
B
France and Italy
C
Ukraine and Austria
D
Poland and Hungary
38

In the 1930s, Germany first began to expand aggressively by

A
invading Russia.
B
rebuilding the German military.
C
joining German forces with Italy.
D
making a pact with China.
39

The positive effect on the environment that the Kyoto Protocol intended to achieve

A
failed because developing countries were exempt.
B
failed because the US did not sign the agreement.
C
succeeded because overall emissions were reduced.
D
succeeded because all countries signed the agreement.
40

The Cold War was a time best characterized by which word?

A
warfare
B
understanding
C
tension
D
cooperation

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