Success Stories — Cumulative exam Answers

The Kyoto protocol works by _______.a.mandatory involvementb.voluntary involvementc.imposing trade restrictions on nonparticipating countriesd.offering monetary rewards to participating countries

The principle difference between point source and nonpoint source water pollution is _______.a.whether the pollution is organic or inorganicb.the number of sources of pollutionc.the amount of pollutiond.whether it is from commercial or agricultural sources

Which of the following is a possible cost of using renewable resources?a.loss of animal speciesb.land degradationc.lower availability of freshwaterd.all of the above

The traditional view of mangrove forests as wastelands and unhealthy environments helped promote their degradation because _______.a.mangrove forests are unproductive, unhealthy habitatsb.people did not feel it was necessary to preserve themc.mangrove forests do not need to be preservedd.all of the above

The amount of available energy changes between the trophic levels found in a food chain or energy pyramid. Photos (left to right) by Mehmet Karatay, Jens Buurgaard Nielsen, Furryscaly, and Walter Siegmund How would the amount of available energy differ in the trophic level of the mouse compared to the trophic level of the hawk? a. Available energy would increase from the mouse to the hawk. b. Available energy would decrease from the mouse to the hawk. c. Available energy would initially increase from the mouse to the hawk, and then decrease over time. d. Available energy would remain the same from the mouse to the hawk. Please select the best answer from the choices provided

Which of the following groups of individuals is at the highest risk for environmentally induced health risks?a.infantsb.teenagersc.college studentsd.adults

Which of the following statements about turning points in environmental policy is true?a.Environmental policy has changed over time as a result of pressure from industry.b.Turning points in environmental policy were typically the result of urban expansion.c.Turning points in environmental policy have come about through increased public awareness.d.Environmental policy has changed little over the history of the United States.

Why are cane toads in Australia considered an invasive species rather than simply nonnative?a.They are destructive to native species and have no natural predators.b.They reproduce more quickly than native species.c.They have venom glands.d.Large adult specimens are able to hunt snakes.

Which of the following best explains why buildings tip during earthquakes?a.Seismic waves damage buildings’ foundations.b.The liquefaction of solid soil undermines buildings’ foundations.c.Body waves break underground water pipes.d.Surface faulting moves the ground in different directions.

Which of the following is not released by trees into the atmosphere?a.oxygenb.water vaporc.ozoned.none of the above

Which of the following aspects of the environmental movement addresses the public’s right to intervene in environmentally damaging activities on private land?a.environmental justiceb.environmental sociologyc.environmental lawd.environmental activism

What is an advantage of using nuclear power?a.Nuclear power is generated at a lower cost than traditional methods.b.Nuclear power produces less pollution than traditional methods.c.Nuclear power is more efficient than traditional methods.d.All of the above

Which of the following about carbon sinks is not true?a.They emit more carbon than they take in.b.They take in more carbon they emit.c.They store carbon from the atmosphere.d.They include oceans and forests.

The percentage of a hunter-gatherer society’s diet provided by hunting versus gathering was mostly determined by _______.a.the climateb.the types of preyc.hunting skilld.the size of the human population

Which of the following scenarios is representative of how agricultural practices can affect the environment?a.increased oxygen levels in a pond due to fertilizer runoffb.sediment accumulation in a body of water near a farmc.soil compaction caused by tillaged.increased plant growth caused by the application of herbicides

The largest supply of Earth’s freshwater is stored in _______.a.lakes and riversb.groundwaterc.the atmosphered.glaciers and icecaps

How can resource conservation benefit the environment?a.Resource conservation can help preserve natural habitats.b.Resource conservation can reduce water pollution.c.Resource conservation can reduce air pollution.d.All of the above

Flooding on rivers is caused by human activity rather than natural events.

Which of the following best explains why soil conservation is important to human agriculture?a.Erosion prevention prevents millions of dollars in damage from mudslides.b.It is easier to prevent the degradation of old soil than it is to generate new soil.c.If the soil salinity gets too high crops will not be able to grow in it.d.Soil contamination is a hazard to human and animal health.

Energy in most ecosystems must flow through autotrophs because ______.a.only autotrophs can convert solar energy into chemical energyb.autotrophs are simpler organisms than heterotrophsc.heterotrophs only generate a small fraction of their energy from photosynthesis.d.all of the above