AnswersFL-2001340-Environmental Science BHuman Impact on the Environment

Human Impact on the Environment — Cumulative exam Answers

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21
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Consider the phylogenetic tree.Which pair of organisms is most closely related to primates?

Question illustration
A
amphibians and rodents
B
crocodiles and amphibians
C
rodents and rabbits
D
dinosaurs and birds
22
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Why are mushrooms important to the food chain?

A
They recycle nutrients into the ecosystem.
B
They produce food energy for other living things.
C
They recycle oxygen into the atmosphere.
D
They consume excess herbivores in the ecosystem.
23

Which form of natural selection does the graph represent?

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A
directional selection
B
disruptive selection
C
sexual selection
D
stabilizing selection
24

Which best describes the exocrine glands?

A
Exocrine glands function only for digestion and temperature regulation.
B
Exocrine glands can sometimes release substances out of the body.
C
Exocrine glands secrete substances into the bloodstream.
D
Exocrine glands are only found in the skin and mouth.
25

Which is accurate about the six kingdoms?

A
One is eukaryotic, and five are prokaryotic.
B
Four are eukaryotes, and two are prokaryotes.
C
Four are prokaryotes, and two are eukaryotes.
D
Three are eukaryotes, and three are prokaryotes.
26

A microgram of skin cells.

Question illustration
A
cell
B
tissue
C
organ
D
organ system
27

Which most clearly shows evolutionary relationships between species?

A
binomial nomenclature
B
phylogenetic tree
C
common name
D
morphological data
28

Sophie says dolphins and sharks look very similar, so they must be related. Jake disagrees, saying DNA evidence has shown that dolphins and other aquatic mammals are actually more closely related to the ancestors of modern hippos. Who is correct using the modern system of classification?

A
Sophie is correct because dolphins look more like sharks than like hippos.
B
Jake is correct because classification is based on evolutionary relationships.
C
Both are correct because traditional and modern classifications can overlap.
D
Neither is correct because neither is taking into account both the traditional and modern systems
29

A disease-causing bacteria successfully enters your body, making it past the first and second lines of defense. Which barrier will then act on the bacteria?

A
chemical
B
physical
C
biological
D
electrical
30

Which of the following statements best describes scientific research?

A
Research typically uses one source.
B
Research typically uses a variety of sources.
C
Research is all done by doctors.
D
Research is all done in a laboratory.
31

What is the function of the hormone progesterone?

A
preparation of the body for maintaining pregnancy
B
development of male secondary sex characteristics
C
development of female secondary sex characteristics
D
preparation of the fallopian tube for fertilization
32

The sketch shows a rynchosaur, an extinct animal that is known only from fossils. There has been much debate about the classification of these creatures. Some scientists suggest that they belong with primitive amphibians, and some think they are related to snakes and lizards. The data equally support both cases.Which statement best explains how to draw a cladogram that includes the rynchosaur?

Question illustration
A
Draw the cladogram for amphibians.
B
Draw the cladogram for reptiles.
C
Draw two cladograms, both showing the traits, and leave it as a hypothesis.
D
Draw two cladograms, both showing the traits, and have scientists vote.
33

Which of the following examples can cause gene flow between populations?

A
an increase in predators to a population of zebra
B
a volcanic eruption that kills half of a population of mice
C
bird droppings that contain seeds from a different location
D
a person that sprays a toxin on a group of mosquitoes
34

Which describes the primary function of the nervous system in keeping the body in homeostasis?

A
It processes the environment and sends out signals.
B
It controls movement and provides structure.
C
It physically breaks down and absorbs food.
D
It puts oxygen in the blood, which is essential for life.
35

A Russian citizen has illegally obtained a Siberian tiger and is trying to sell the tiger’s fur in the United States. What treaty does this violate?

A
Tiger Treaty
B
Lacey Treaty
C
CITES
D
EPA
36

Which structure of the excretory system mainly functions in filtration?

A
ureter
B
kidney
C
urethra
D
bladder
37

The overall population of a species decreased. What could have occurred to make this happen?

A
The immigration rate increased, while the death rate decreased.
B
The birth rate decreased, while the death rate increased.
C
The carrying capacity increased, while the immigration increased.
D
The emigration increased, while the birth rate increased.
38

Which of the following is an example of adaptive radiation?

A
One population of squirrels becomes two separate species over a long time.
B
One population of lizards forms 15 separate species over a short time.
C
One species of birds becomes better suited to its environment over time.
D
One species of fish forms when two species of fish begin to breed with each other.
39

When a person sees a doctor about a respiratory illness, the doctor will want to determine if the sickness is in the upper respiratory tract or the lower respiratory tract. The starting point for the lower respiratory system is the trachea.Which structures are part of the upper respiratory system? Select three options.the larynxthe bronchusthe alveolithe lungsthe pharynxthe nose

A
the larynx
B
the bronchus
C
the alveoli
D
the lungs
E
the pharynx
F
the nose
40

What is likely to happen to a healthy population that is experiencing exponential growth?

A
It will eventually reach its carrying capacity.
B
It will experience a population crash.
C
It will go extinct in the near future.
D
It will continue to grow exponentially indefinitely.

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