Cumulative Exam — Cumulative exam Answers

What is the purpose of controlling the environment when testing a hypothesis?

Which are produced as a result of meiosis?

Mitosis is divided into phases.Which phase of mitosis is shown in the diagram?

During which stage of cellular respiration is glucose broken down into two molecules of pyruvic acid?

Which of the following could be a nucleotide of DNA?

The graph below shows the light absorbance of two kinds of chlorophyll.Which color of light does chlorophyll b absorb more of than any other color?

During which process is ethanol produced?

Drinking too much water during exercise can cause a condition in which the concentration of sodium in the blood is lower than normal. What immediate response would the blood cells have in this condition?

Punnett squares are used to show possible combinations of alleles or to predict the probability of a trait occurring in offspring. A parakeet that is heterozygous for blue feathers (dominant) is crossed with a parakeet that is homozygous for white feathers (recessive). According to the Punnett square for this cross, what percentage of offspring is predicted to have blue feathers?

The first strands of DNA were observed through which microscope?

The chemical equation of photosynthesis includes 6O2. Which best describes this substance?

During which process is mRNA synthesized from a DNA template with the aid of RNA polymerase?

Punnett squares are used to show possible combinations of alleles or to predict the probability of a trait occurring in offspring. A pansy that is homozygous for purple flowers (PP) is crossed with a pansy that is homozygous for pink flowers (pp). Which genotypes will be included for the offspring in the Punnett square for this cross?

Which is the most efficient way to avoid DNA mutations from UV radiation?

Suzanne has type A– blood. Which blood type could she receive in a blood transfusion?

Cranberries and grapes may have therapeutic value. A cranberry company obtained the patent for a process to extract the oil from cranberry seeds. According to the patent, this oil can be used to treat breast cancer or to reduce its incidence. The oil can be used in drinks and foods. A grape juice company claims to have evidence that certain grapes have health benefits ranging from improving cardiovascular health to improving cognitive brain function in the elderly. These claims will be tested by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) before the companies are allowed to market their products for “treating” ailments or “improving” health. Until then, the companies can describe that their products “help to maintain” or “support” health. Until studies support their claims, the companies cannot ascribe direct health benefits to their products.Why would the FDA perform tests when a cranberry company and a grape company have already conducted research on the same products?

Pea plants can have yellow seeds or green seeds. Which conclusion about the meaning of Y is correct if the allele combination Yy is for yellow seeds?

During transcription, what happens to the RNA polymerase if a repressor protein attaches to the operator?

Mutations within an organism can occur in body cells or reproductive cells. Which type of mutation is seen in a sperm cell but not in a skin cell?

Two animals that can be found at the Grand Canyon include the Abert’s and Kaibab squirrels. The Abert’s squirrel is found at the south rim of the canyon and in a few surrounding states. The Kaibab squirrel, however, can only be found at the canyon’s north rim, mainly on the Kaibab Plateau. The Kaibab squirrel is not found anywhere else in the world. Scientists believe that the squirrels are actually closely related and have developed separately as a result of geographic isolation. It is possible that the squirrels were separated by plateau erosion that separated the forests and isolated the Kaibab population. Some scientists are studying if the squirrels are now two separate species or if the Kaibab squirrel is simply a subspecies of the Abert’s squirrel. Separate species are unable to reproduce with each other. Which evidence would be used to support the claim that the squirrels are two separate species?