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Cumulative Exam — Cumulative exam Answers

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61
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A person’s long-lasting manner of behaving throughout a variety of situations is most likely influenced by __________.

A
personality traits
B
level of intelligence
C
environmental factors
D
parenting styles
62
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The four principal types of stress are __________.

A
frustration, conflict, pressure, and anxiety
B
frustration, conflict, pressure, and change
C
anger, anxiety, depression, and annoyance
D
frustration, conflict, depression, and annoyance
63

Eduardo completes a study that supports the claim that eating broccoli improves short-term memory. In order to demonstrate the principle of justice, Eduardo should take which of the following actions?

A
He should publish the results only in an obscure journal.
B
He should explain the results in as many places as possible.
C
He should advertise the results in psychology circles.
D
He should target those looking for memory improvement.
64

Source factors that influence how persuasive an argument can be include all of the following except __________.

A
length of argument
B
trustworthiness
C
level of expertise
D
attractiveness
65

Against his financial advisor’s advice, Frank has decided to invest his money in some risky stocks because he once made quite a bit of money in the stock market. His decision illustrates __________.

A
the representativeness heuristic
B
overconfidence
C
the availability heuristic
D
confirmation bias
66

Read the scenario below and answer the question that follows.Ryan and Becky have known each other for many years. For many years they were friends who shared all of their secrets with each other. Then they began a loving relationship. Over time, their passion has faded, but they have remained committed to each other.Which type of love would Ryan and Becky be most likely to share?

A
platonic
B
passionate
C
companionate
D
consummate
67

Motivation is a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior.

A
T
B
F
68

__________ are certain beviors that violate socially acceptable behaviors but may not cause harm to others.

A
Moral transgressions
B
Conventional transgressions
C
Display rules
D
Universal moral rules
69

Self-report inventories are personality tests wherein individuals respond to vague stimuli in a way that may reveal their needs, feelings, and personality traits.

A
T
B
F
70

Which of the following statements is true about the occupations available to psychologists with a doctoral degree?

A
Occupations are limited to social services jobs, mid-level managers, and financial positions.
B
Occupations are vast and can include positions in universities, health care, and private industry.
C
Occupations are confined to clinical and counseling positions in hospitals, schools, and prisons.
D
Occupations are immense but competitive, so psychologists usually work in accounting.
71

Throwing and breaking things out of anxiety is an example of maladaptive behavior. Please select the best answer from the choices provided

A
T
B
F
72

Psychology is regarded by some as sexist because __________.

A
there is no such thing as a feminist perspective of psychology
B
psychologists take great pride in their accomplishments
C
most psychology authors, professors, and researchers are male
D
psychologists try to control for gender bias in their results
73

Continuous reinforcement occurs when a response is reinforced only some of the time.

A
T
B
F
74

Robert Sternberg suggests that intelligence is culturally defined.

A
T
B
F
75

Emotions can lead one to engage in maladaptive behavior when they ___________.

A
increase one's desire to be kinder toward others
B
motivate one toward positive action
C
lead one to effectively communicate thoughts and feelings
D
cause one to want to become physically violent toward another
76

The zone of proximal development is the difference between what the learner knows and what the learner is capable of __________.

A
understanding with the help from a peer
B
teaching to another less capable peer
C
understanding on one’s own
D
teaching to another more capable peer
77

Which statement best represents the biological perspective’s view of personality development?

A
Genetic predispositions to learning influence personality development.
B
Progression through psychosexual stages and childhood experiences influences personality development.
C
Continuously developing response tendencies influences lifelong personality development.
D
Receiving unconditional love, resulting in a congruent self-concept, influences personality development.
78

_________ is a belief that focuses on the self and emphasizes people’s unique qualities.

A
Determinism
B
Humanism
C
Behaviorism
D
Creationism
79

__________ is responsible for creating the three components of personality: the id, ego, and superego.

A
Carl Jung
B
Sigmund Freud
C
Alfred Adler
D
Carl Adler
80

Which of the following is the best explanation of the difference between prejudice and discrimination?

A
Prejudice is an attitude, and discrimination is an behavior.
B
Prejudice is a behavior, and discrimination is an attitude.
C
Prejudice is necessary in order for discrimination to exist.
D
Discrimination is necessary in order for prejudice to exist.

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