AnswersCO-Biology A-CRCumulative Exam

Cumulative Exam — Cumulative exam Answers

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The allele for curly hair is incompletely dominant. If a mother is homozygous for curly hair and the father is homozygous for straight hair, what percentage of the offspring will exhibit characteristics of both parents?

A
25 percent
B
50 percent
C
75 percent
D
100 percent
22
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Which statement describes the offspring of the F1 generation when crossing a pea plant that is true breeding for green seeds with a pea plant that is true breeding for yellow seeds?

A
The green trait is the dominant trait.
B
The offspring will inherit one allele from each parent.
C
The offspring will have both green and yellow seeds.
D
Each offspring will have a unique set of alleles.
23

How did the discovery of the rhesus factor affect society?

A
More patients died from having a transfusion with the wrong rhesus factor.
B
New treatments during pregnancy could prevent harm to the developing child.
C
Less donated blood could be used in the treatment of patients.
D
The number of blood types was reduced by half.
24

Which was not a result of the 1898 discovery of the four blood types and advances made during the two World Wars?

A
improved blood transfusion safety
B
effective blood preservation solutions developed
C
ability to separate different parts of blood for different uses
D
all blood types were made universally compatible
25

During an experiment, a scientist crosses a pea plant that has purple flowers with a pea plant that has white flowers. The plants that result from this cross in the F1 generation have both purple and white flowers. What can the scientist conclude?

A
White flowers are dominant over purple flowers.
B
Neither purple flowers nor white flowers are dominant.
C
The plants in the P generation were not true-breeding.
D
All the plants in the F2 generation will have purple flowers.
26

A scientist wants to examine a genetic disease in humans. The scientist hypothesizes that the disease can be treated by using gene therapy. Humans take a long time to reproduce and develop, so the scientist will have to

A
give up on testing the hypothesis.
B
test the hypothesis for a very long time.
C
develop new methods to test the hypothesis.
D
find a way to make humans reproduce faster.
27

As DNA is replicated, which DNA base pair will bond to cytosine?

A
adenine
B
thymine
C
cytosine
D
guanine
28

Which statement describes Mendel’s hypotheses regarding gametes?

A
A gamete carries two genes for a trait.
B
A gamete carries one allele for a gene.
C
A gamete can carry multiple alleles for a trait.
D
Some gametes are dominant and some are recessive.
29

Which represents polygenic inheritance of traits?

A
a cow that has red and white dominant coloring
B
a mix of blue, green, and brown eye colors
C
a plant that has pink flowers produced from a plant that has red flowers and a plant that has white flowers
D
a plant that has green seeds produced from a plant that has yellow seeds and a plant that has green seeds
30

Which of the following incorrectly matches the term with its location?

A
DNA is found in a chromosome.
B
Chromosomes are found in the nucleus of a cell.
C
Genes are located in a nucleotide.
D
Nitrogen bases are located in the central rungs of a DNA ladder.
31

The flowchart below shows the three generations of a cross between a pea plant that has yellow pods and a pea plant that has green pods. Green pods are the dominant trait. The flowchart is missing the labels that describe the traits.In which squares should the phrase “Green pods” appear?

Question illustration
A
A and D only
B
B and E only
C
A, C, and D only
D
A, B, C, D, and E
32

The table below summarizes Mendel’s results for the F2 generation.Mendel’s ResultsPlant height787 tall277 shortFlower color705 purple224 whitePod color428 green152 yellowPod shape882 inflated299 constrictedSeed color6,022 yellowx greenSeed shape5,474 smooth1,850 wrinkledWhat number should replace the letter x in the “Seed color” row?

A
18,066
B
3,011
C
207
D
2,001
33

Which best describes the outcome of DNA replication?

A
The new DNA molecule is identical to the original DNA.
B
The new DNA molecule is synthesized from amino acids.
C
The new DNA molecule has a different number of codons.
D
The new DNA molecule is single-stranded.
34

In 1953, who developed the model that is shown below?

Question illustration
A
James Watson and Francis Crick
B
Marshall Nirenberg and Heinrich Matthaei
C
Rosalind Franklin
D
Erwin Chargaff
35

The endosymbiotic theory helps to explain the origin of which structures?

A
mitochondria
B
ribosomes
C
nuclei
D
cell membranes
36

If the same base pairs are used to code for all organisms, why is there so much variation among organisms?

A
The order of the codons differs between organisms.
B
The order of the codons is the same between organisms.
C
The codons in each organism are the same.
D
The codons in each organism differ.
37

Which is the best example of a hypothesis leading to new experimental methods?

A
Gregor Mendel influenced the development of the theory that everything is made of cells.
B
Gregor Mendel continued the genetic research of Thomas Hunt Morgan, but Mendel used pea plants.
C
Thomas Hunt Morgan continued the genetic research of Gregor Mendel, but Morgan used fruit flies.
D
The theory that everything is made of cells influenced Gregor Mendel in his research.
38

Which has the most control of traits and inheritance?

A
gametes
B
nucleic acids
C
amino acids
D
proteins
39

What was Marshall Nirenberg and Heinrich Matthaei’s contribution to our current understanding of the genetic code?

A
discovery of codons
B
discovery and extraction of DNA
C
creation of a model of DNA
D
creation of Photo 51
40

Scientists often use fruit flies as a method to test hypotheses about human genes. Why are fruit flies advantageous in the study of human inheritance?

A
They can self-pollinate.
B
They lack nucleic acids.
C
They are very different from humans.
D
They reproduce quickly and take up little space.

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