Lab: Ecological Succession — Cumulative exam Answers

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The lava released by a volcanic eruption separates two populations of a species of monkey. What does this represent?

A
biological isolation
B
geographical isolation
C
temporal isolation
D
anatomical isolation
2
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Which of the following is an example of adaptive radiation?

A
One population of squirrels becomes two separate species over a long time.
B
One population of lizards forms 15 separate species over a short time.
C
One species of birds becomes better suited to its environment over time.
D
One species of fish forms when two species of fish begin to breed with each other.
3

Hyenas and lions have fierce battles over food. Which type of relationship does this describe?

A
parasitism
B
commensalism
C
predation
D
competition
4

Kudzu is a vine that was brought to the United States from Japan to prevent erosion. Once here, kudzu became invasive. What role does kudzu most likely play in the environment in the United States?

A
Kudzu experiences loss due to overeating by livestock.
B
Kudzu is very susceptible to harsh winter conditions.
C
Kudzu outcompetes native plants for sunlight and nutrients.
D
Kudzu reproduces at a slow rate.
5

The diagram illustrates the water cycle.

Question illustration
A
Water cycles from a nonliving to a living part of the environment.
B
Water changes from a liquid to a gas.
C
Water changes from a gas to a liquid.
D
Water cycles from a living to a nonliving part of the environment.
6

Veronica got a cut on her arm, and it started bleeding. Her circulatory system started working hard to prevent blood loss and protect against infection.Which two components of the blood were functioning at a higher level than normal?

A
platelets and plasma
B
plasma and red blood cells
C
white blood cells and platelets
D
red blood cells and white blood cells
7

The sketch shows a rynchosaur, an extinct animal that is known only from fossils. There has been much debate about the classification of these creatures. Some scientists suggest that they belong with primitive amphibians, and some think they are related to snakes and lizards. The data equally support both cases.Which statement best explains how to draw a cladogram that includes the rynchosaur?

Question illustration
A
Draw the cladogram for amphibians.
B
Draw the cladogram for reptiles.
C
Draw two cladograms, both showing the traits, and leave it as a hypothesis.
D
Draw two cladograms, both showing the traits, and have scientists vote.
8

Which is most likely a source of air pollution?

A
littering
B
CFCs
C
oil spill
D
runoff
9

Which is a requirement for natural selection to occur?

A
heritable variations for some traits
B
the ability of an organism to improve a trait during its lifetime
C
equal probability of survival for all offspring
D
fewer offspring than the environment can support
10

Which is accurate about the six kingdoms?

A
One is eukaryotic, and five are prokaryotic.
B
Four are eukaryotes, and two are prokaryotes.
C
Four are prokaryotes, and two are eukaryotes.
D
Three are eukaryotes, and three are prokaryotes.
11

Before the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, most peppered moths found in and around Manchester, England, exhibited light-colored wings speckled with black. After the Industrial Revolution, peppered moths with dark wings became predominant in the area.Which term best describes the change from more light-colored moths to more dark-colored moths?

Question illustration
A
competition
B
evolution
C
acquired
D
overpopulation
12

A disease-causing bacteria successfully enters your body, making it past the first and second lines of defense. Which barrier will then act on the bacteria?

A
chemical
B
physical
C
biological
D
electrical
13

Sophie says dolphins and sharks look very similar, so they must be related. Jake disagrees, saying DNA evidence has shown that dolphins and other aquatic mammals are actually more closely related to the ancestors of modern hippos. Who is correct using the modern system of classification?

A
Sophie is correct because dolphins look more like sharks than like hippos.
B
Jake is correct because classification is based on evolutionary relationships.
C
Both are correct because traditional and modern classifications can overlap.
D
Neither is correct because neither is taking into account both the traditional and modern systems
14

Which structure of the excretory system mainly functions in filtration?

A
ureter
B
kidney
C
urethra
D
bladder
15

Some geneticists study the genes that control bone development to try to understand bone growth and find cures for diseases. How is this different from an orthopedist (a doctor who specializes in bones)?

A
The geneticist looks at the symptoms of a disease, and the orthopedist does not.
B
The geneticist works in a hospital, and the orthopedist works in a lab.
C
The geneticist focuses on what causes the disease, and the orthopedist treats the disease.
D
The geneticist deals with patients, and the orthopedist does not.
16

Consider this microscopic image of bacteria. Which bacterial form is shown in the image?

Question illustration
A
bacillus
B
nucleoid
C
spirillum
D
coccus
17

Why are mushrooms important to the food chain?

A
They recycle nutrients into the ecosystem.
B
They produce food energy for other living things.
C
They recycle oxygen into the atmosphere.
D
They consume excess herbivores in the ecosystem.
18

A microgram of skin cells.

Question illustration
A
cell
B
tissue
C
organ
D
organ system
19

Male peacocks have large colorful tails that they spread in a fan shape to attract females during courtship. Peahens (female peacocks) are more likely to mate with males that have larger and more colorful tails. As a result, few peacocks have tails with dull coloring.Which concept is demonstrated by a decrease in dull coloring?

Question illustration
A
speciation
B
biodiversity
C
natural selection
D
variation
20

Why is water considered to be abiotic?

A
because it is not part of the biosphere
B
because it came from something living
C
because it is dead
D
because it is not living and never lived

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