Unit Test — Cumulative exam Answers

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Read the passage from a letter that President Jimmy Carter wrote to Congress in 1977.This message brings together a great variety of programs. It deals not only with ways to preserve the wilderness, wildlife, and natural and historical resources which are a beautiful and valued part of America's national heritage: it deals also with the effects of pollution, toxic chemicals, and the damage caused by the demand for energy. Each of these concerns, in its own way, affects the environment; and together they underscore the importance of environmental protection in all our lives.

A
The wilderness and the rest of nature contain beauty and value for all Americans.
B
Pollution and the amount of energy people use have negative effects on the environment.
C
Americans have many concerns about the environment and how it is being affected.
D
Protecting the environment is essential for maintaining Americans’ quality of life.
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Read the excerpt from act 5, scene 1, of Julius Caesar.CASSIUS. Then if we lose this battle, You are contented to be led in triumph Through the streets of Rome?BRUTUS. No, Cassius, no: Think not, thou noble Roman, That ever Brutus will go bound to Rome. He bears too great a mind. But this same day Must end that work the ides of March begun; And whether we shall meet again I know not.

A
It shows that Cassius thinks that Brutus is always too emotional and the first to accept defeat.
B
It implies that Cassius expects that he and Brutus will win in battle and walk once again through the streets of Rome in honor.
C
It reveals that Brutus and Cassius regret killing Caesar, and they would like to make amends to the people of Rome.
D
It creates a greater sense of humiliation for Brutus and their armies who would be led in shame by Antony and Octavius.
3

Read the excerpt from Julius Caesar, act 3, scene 2.[BRUTUS.] If then that friend demandwhy Brutus rose against Caesar, this is my answer:not that I loved Caesar less, but that I lovedRome more. Had you rather Caesar were living, anddie all slaves, than that Caesar were dead, to liveall free men? As Caesar loved me, I weep for him.As he was fortunate, I rejoice at it. As he wasvaliant, I honour him. But as he was ambitious, Islew him.

A
Brutus explains that if people ask why he killed Caesar, he will tell them that it is not because he did not love Caesar, but because he loved Rome more. He asks if the people would rather have Caesar alive, and die as slaves, or sadly have Caesar dead be free. He says he is sad because he and Caesar were friends. He honors Caesar’s bravery, but Caesar was too ambitious, so because of that dangerous ambition, Brutus had to take part in killing him.
B
Brutus asks the people of Rome if they would rather have Caesar alive and they all be slaves, or have Caesar dead so they can live freely.
C
Brutus explains that he loved Caesar but loves Rome more.
D
Brutus clarifies that he rose against Caesar not because he did not love Caesar, but because he loved Rome more. He asks, “Had you rather Caesar were living, and die all slaves, than that Caesar were dead, to live all free men?”
4

Read the passage from chapter 14 of The Prince.A prince ought to have no other aim or thought, nor select anything else for his study, than war and its rules and discipline; for this is the sole art that belongs to him who rules, and it is of such force that it not only upholds those who are born princes, but it often enables men to rise from a private station to that rank.And, on the contrary, it is seen that when princes have thought more of ease than of arms they have lost their states. And the first cause of your losing it is to neglect this art; and what enables you to acquire a state is to be master of the art. Francesco Sforza, through being martial, from a private person became Duke of Milan; and the sons, through avoiding the hardships and troubles of arms, from dukes became private persons. For among other evils which being unarmed brings you, it causes you to be despised, and this is one of those ignominies against which a prince ought to guard himself, as is shown later on.

A
logical evidence
B
anecdotal evidence
C
empirical evidence
D
both logical and anecdotal evidence
5

Read the claim.Children should avoid playing violent video games that could have a negative influence; instead, they should play nonviolent games, of which there are thousands available.Read the counterclaim.Because there is no proven link between violence in video games and real-life violence, children should, with adult supervision, be given the opportunity to play any video games they choose.Read the rebuttal.While the proof of a link is debatable, what is not debatable is the foolishness of allowing children to choose whatever video game they would like, since it empowers children unnecessarily.

A
It is effective because it uses fair and unbiased logic to present a flaw in the counterclaim.
B
It is effective because it sets an authoritative tone incorporating strong reasoning.
C
It is ineffective because it does not provide a logical reason for opposing the counterclaim.
D
It is ineffective because it does not acknowledge any part of the counterclaim.
6

Read the excerpt from "The Role of Social Media in the Arab Uprisings" by Heather Brown, Emily Guskin, and Amy Mitchell.Social media indeed played a part in the Arab uprisings. Networks formed online were crucial in organizing a core group of activists, specifically in Egypt. Civil society leaders in Arab countries emphasized the role of "the internet, mobile phones, and social media" in the protests. Additionally, digital media has been used by Arabs to exercise freedom of speech and as a space for civic engagement.Now, research is emerging that reexamines in a more detailed way the role that social media played in the Arab uprisings.In July 2012 a report was published by the United States Institute of Peace based on an extensive content analysis of bit.ly links from the uprisings in Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, and Bahrain. Bit.ly links, or short URLs, are predominantly used in social media such as Twitter. The authors came to some conclusions that countered the initial assumption that social media was a causal mechanism in the uprisings.Instead, the study suggests that the importance of social media was in communicating to the rest of the world what was happening on the ground during the uprisings. "New [or social] media outlets that use bit.ly links are more likely to spread information outside of the region than inside it, acting like a megaphone more than a rallying cry."

A
“Networks formed online were crucial in organizing a core group of activists, specifically in Egypt.”
B
“Social media indeed played a part in the Arab uprisings.”
C
“Bit.ly links, or short URLs, are predominantly used in social media such as Twitter.”
D
“In July 2012 a report was published by the United States Institute of Peace”
7

What should Horus add to his evaluation to make it more effective? Select two options.

A
a statement summarizing Smith's claim
B
examples of Smith's reasoning and evidence
C
an evaluation of Smith's reasoning and evidence
D
a sentence introducing the topic of the argument
E
a conclusion summarizing the claim and evaluation
8

Which sentence contains a dependent clause?

A
Joaquín showed me how to throw a curveball.
B
Quinton studied in the library for his physics test.
C
Zara is moving to the city when she graduates.
D
I forgot about today's exam.
9

Read the excerpt from Julius Caesar, act 2, scene 2.DECIUS. Caesar, all hail! Good morrow, worthy Caesar. I come to fetch you to the Senate House.CAESAR. And you are come in very happy time To bear my greeting to the senators And tell them that I will not come today.65 Cannot is false, and that I dare not, falser. I will not come today; tell them so, Decius.CALPURNIA. Say he is sick.CAESAR. Shall Caesar send a lie? Have I in conquest stretched mine arm so far,70 To be afraid to tell greybeards the truth? Decius, go tell them Caesar will not come.

A
Caesar’s arms are tired from battle, and he wants to stay home from the Senate.
B
It is ridiculous that a man who has won so many battles would be afraid to tell the truth.
C
A man who is ill should honor how he feels and not lie about it to others.
D
Caesar has grown old and should consider spending more time at home.
10

Which scenario shows an example of situational irony?

A
Portia says she believes Brutus, when really, she thinks he is lying to her.
B
Brutus lies to Portia about his health, knowing that he is fine.
C
The audience knows that Brutus is actually ill even though Brutus does not.
D
Brutus says that he is about to do something that will make him well, but his actions bring about his death.
11

Read the passage from the opinion of the court in Dred Scott v. Sandford, written by Justice Taney.The question then arises, whether the provisions of the Constitution, in relation to the personal rights and privileges to which the citizen of a State should be entitled, embraced the negro African race, at that time in this country, or who might afterwards be imported, who had then or should afterwards be made free in any State; and to put it in the power of a single State to make him a citizen of the United States, and endue him with the full rights of citizenship in every other State without their consent? Does the Constitution of the United States act upon him whenever he shall be made free under the laws of a State, and raised there to the rank of a citizen, and immediately clothe him with all the privileges of a citizen in every other State, and in its own courts?The court thinks the affirmative of these propositions cannot be maintained. And if it cannot, the plaintiff in error could not be a citizen of the State of Missouri, within the meaning of the Constitution of the United States, and, consequently, was not entitled to sue in its courts.

A
He uses the freedom of Black people as evidence.
B
He uses a previous status of Black people as evidence.
C
He uses the dissenting argument of the court as evidence.
D
He uses the ruling of the previous court as evidence.
12

Read this excerpt from the poem "Monet’s ‘Waterlilies’” by Robert Hayden.Here space and time exist in lightthe eye like the eye of faith believes.The seen, the knowndissolve in iridescence, becomeillusive flesh of lightthat was not, was, forever is.O light beheld as through refracting tears.Here is the aura of that worldeach of us has lost.Here is the shadow of its joy.

A
It has two stanzas.
B
It has no set meter.
C
It uses alliteration.
D
It has no repeating words.
13

Which statements describe what to do when writing an effective summary of a speech? Select three options.Include the rhetorical techniques used in the speech.State the speaker’s central idea in your own words.Include all the details and examples given in the speech.Present the ideas in the same order they appear in the speech.Begin with the central idea and then include a few key details.

A
Include the rhetorical techniques used in the speech.
B
State the speaker’s central idea in your own words.
C
Include all the details and examples given in the speech.
D
Present the ideas in the same order they appear in the speech.
E
Begin with the central idea and then include a few key details.
14

Read the excerpt from act 3, scene 2, of Julius Caesar.[BRUTUS.] If then that friend demandwhy Brutus rose against Caesar, this is my answer:not that I loved Caesar less, but that I lovedRome more. Had you rather Caesar were living, anddie all slaves, than that Caesar were dead, to liveall free men? As Caesar loved me, I weep for him.As he was fortunate, I rejoice at it. As he wasvaliant, I honour him. But as he was ambitious, Islew him. There is tears for his love, joy for hisfortune, honour for his valour, and death for hisambition.

A
The crowd rises up against the conspirators.
B
The crowd mourns Caesar for his generosity.
C
The crowd begins to accept the argument that the conspirators were obligated to murder Caesar.
D
The crowd believes that Brutus was lied to by Cassius.
15

What kind of evidence would best support the rebuttal? Select three options.

A
statistics about how many hours teenagers need to sleep
B
statistics about when classes usually begin at US schools
C
statistics about the sleeping habits of high school students
D
information about the effects of sleep deprivation on teenagers
E
information about logistical problems involved in changing class times
16

What are the central ideas of this excerpt? Select two options.

A
Antony wants everyone to know that he wanted Caesar dead.
B
Antony does not believe that Caesar deserves a funeral, but unwillingly agreed to speak to please the conspirators.
C
The mistakes men make are remembered after their deaths, but their good deeds more often die with them.
D
If Caesar was power-hungry, it was a serious flaw, and he paid seriously for it.
E
Antony believes the conspirators should be rewarded with riches for their sacrifice and willingness to kill the ambitious Caesar.
17

Why does Roosevelt use repetition in his request for a declaration of war?

A
to highlight his own credibility
B
to provide alternative courses of action
C
to compare the experiences of countries
D
to emphasize the threat posed by Japan
18

Read the passage from an argumentative essay.Vaccines are a safe and effective way to avoid harmful diseases. The proof lies in the history books—smallpox has not been seen in the United States since 1948, or anywhere else in the world since 1977. That is because smallpox vaccines eradicated the disease from the planet. Despite the obvious effectiveness of vaccination, opponents argue that vaccines can contain harmful ingredients, such as aluminum, which, in excess, may lead to neurological damage. However, until studies show a direct and irrefutable link between vaccines and harmful outcomes due to their ingredients, we should continue to give our bodies the best chance for survival by receiving vaccinations.

A
The argument is faulty because some of the evidence supports a different claim than the one intended.
B
The argument is illogical because the evidence used contains hasty generalizations about vaccines.
C
The argument is successful because the writer’s personal experience with vaccines is supported by research.
D
The argument is strong because the claim is supported by logical evidence and a counterclaim is considered.
19

Which claims are best supported by reasons and relevant evidence? Select two options.Children’s rooms are their own, and parents should not intrude. Everyone knows that children need a place where they feel safe, and their room is that place. I get upset when my parents come in to check up on me or tell me to clean my room.Children would be better off if beauty pageants were banned. Beauty pageants are not good for children. Their lives would be better off if all beauty pageants were canceled and banned forever. Many people believe that if this happened, children would be happier.Exercising regularly will improve many aspects of one's life. Not only will you sleep better at night, but you will also learn better during the day and feel better in general. Many studies have shown the many benefits of regular exercise, and my doctor agrees with them.Parents should teach their children financial responsibility early in life. Not only do children have expenses such as meals, snacks, and transportation, but they also need to learn how to realistically budget for their needs according to their income. This is an economic lesson that will prove invaluable when they grow up.Recent studies have found that football is a dangerous sport and almost inevitably leads to brain damage. To protect players, we need to stop supporting school football and professional football. If we stop buying tickets and fan merchandise, players will no longer suffer such devastating injuries.

A
Children’s rooms are their own, and parents should not intrude. Everyone knows that children need a place where they feel safe, and their room is that place. I get upset when my parents come in to check up on me or tell me to clean my room.
B
Children would be better off if beauty pageants were banned. Beauty pageants are not good for children. Their lives would be better off if all beauty pageants were canceled and banned forever. Many people believe that if this happened, children would be happier.
C
Exercising regularly will improve many aspects of one's life. Not only will you sleep better at night, but you will also learn better during the day and feel better in general. Many studies have shown the many benefits of regular exercise, and my doctor agrees with them.
D
Parents should teach their children financial responsibility early in life. Not only do children have expenses such as meals, snacks, and transportation, but they also need to learn how to realistically budget for their needs according to their income. This is an economic lesson that will prove invaluable when they grow up.
E
Recent studies have found that football is a dangerous sport and almost inevitably leads to brain damage. To protect players, we need to stop supporting school football and professional football. If we stop buying tickets and fan merchandise, players will no longer suffer such devastating injuries.
20

Which conflict most affects the plot in acts 1 and 2 of Julius Caesar?

A
Flavius and Marullus trying to get the people who are celebrating out of the streets
B
Caesar being suspicious of Cassius and how he is too thin and does not smile
C
Brutus trying to decide whether his love of Rome is stronger than his love for Caesar
D
Casca telling the others how Antony offered the crown to Caesar three times

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