AnswersLincoln Biology A-CRCumulative Exam

Cumulative Exam — Cumulative exam Answers

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Unattached earlobes is a dominant trait, E. A parent who is homozygous for unattached earlobes is crossed with a parent who is homozygous for attached earlobes. Which describes the genotypes of their offspring?

A
100 percent Ee
B
100 percent unattached earlobes
C
100 percent ee
D
100 percent attached earlobes
22
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Red-green color blindness is an X-linked recessive disorder that is passed through generations and can be traced by using a pedigree. Which individuals in the pedigree are identified and labeled carriers for red-green color blindness?

Question illustration
A
Lisa and Monica
B
Sam, Tim, Bella, and Joshua
C
Ben, Jenny, Mike, Carol, Katie, and Chris
D
Ben and Lisa
23

Which best describes the relationship between DNA, genes, and chromosomes?

A
DNA are segments of genes; the genes form tight coils called chromosomes.
B
Genes are segments of DNA; the DNA forms tight coils called chromosomes.
C
Chromosomes are segments of DNA; the DNA forms tight coils called genes.
D
Genes are segments of chromosomes; the chromosomes form tight coils called DNA.
24

Which characteristic of life best describes the life cycle of a frog?

A
having cells
B
using energy
C
responding to the environment
D
growing and developing
25

The chemical equation of photosynthesis includes 6O2. Which best describes this substance?

A
a solid used during photosynthesis
B
a gas used during photosynthesis
C
a liquid produced during photosynthesis
D
a gas produced during photosynthesis
26

Which term refers to a solution with a higher solute concentration outside the cell than inside the cell?

A
hypertonic
B
hypotonic
C
equitonic
D
isotonic
27

Drinking too much water during exercise can cause a condition in which the concentration of sodium in the blood is lower than normal. What immediate response would the blood cells have in this condition?

A
Cells swell as water moves into them.
B
Cells swell as water moves out of them.
C
Cells shrivel as water moves out of them.
D
Cells shrivel as water moves into them.
28

How were Redi’s and Pasteur’s experiments different?

A
Redi studied broth, but Pasteur tested meat.
B
Pasteur studied flies, but Redi tested meat.
C
Pasteur tested for microorganisms, but Redi studied larger organisms.
D
Redi tested for microorganisms, but Pasteur studied larger organisms.
29

Which substance is a compound?

A
salt
B
phosphorus
C
sulfur
D
oxygen
30

During transcription, what happens to the RNA polymerase if a repressor protein attaches to the operator?

A
It begins transcription.
B
It begins translation.
C
It cannot attach to enzyme 1.
D
It cannot attach to the promoter.
31

What is the next step in the process after a substrate enters the active site of an enzyme?

A
The chemical reaction occurs.
B
New substances called products are formed.
C
The enzyme and the substrate bind to form the enzyme-substrate complex.
D
The enzyme and the products bind to form the enzyme-products complex.
32

Under certain external conditions, a person will perspire a great deal. For which internal condition does this response primarily provide homeostasis?

A
water balance
B
electrolyte balance
C
temperature balance
D
energy balance
33

Which statement describes the F1 generation of a Mendelian monohybrid cross between two true-breeding parents?

A
Only the dominant trait is visible in the F1 generation.
B
Only the recessive trait is visible in the F1 generation.
C
Neither the dominant nor recessive trait is visible in the F1 generation.
D
Both the dominant and recessive traits are visible in the F1 generation.
34

Punnett squares are used to show possible combinations of alleles or to predict the probability of a trait occurring in offspring. A parakeet that is heterozygous for blue feathers (dominant) is crossed with a parakeet that is homozygous for white feathers (recessive). According to the Punnett square for this cross, what percentage of offspring is predicted to have blue feathers?

Question illustration
A
25 percent
B
50 percent
C
75 percent
D
100 percent
35

Punnett squares are used to show possible combinations of alleles or to predict the probability of a trait occurring in offspring. A pansy that is homozygous for purple flowers (PP) is crossed with a pansy that is homozygous for pink flowers (pp). Which genotypes will be included for the offspring in the Punnett square for this cross?

Question illustration
A
PP, Pp, and pp
B
PP and pp
C
PP and Pp
D
Pp only
36

Kai looks at a photo of herself with her parents. She notices that, while her features are similar to her parents’ features, they do not appear to be identical. Which explains why this is the case?

A
Their DNA is made of different codon sequences.
B
Their DNA is made of four different bases.
C
Kai inherited more proteins from one parent than the other.
D
Kai inherited different amino acids from either of her parents.
37

A zygote consists of how many cells?

A
one
B
two
C
four or five
D
eight or ten
38

Mutations within an organism can occur in body cells or reproductive cells. Which type of mutation is seen in a sperm cell but not in a skin cell?

A
somatic mutation
B
missense mutation
C
nonsense mutation
D
germline mutation
39

Which is the most efficient way to avoid DNA mutations from UV radiation?

A
Avoid getting X-rays at the doctor’s office.
B
Avoid protective shields during X-rays.
C
Avoid UV radiation by wearing sunscreen.
D
Avoid UV radiation by using a tanning bed.
40

During which process is mRNA synthesized from a DNA template with the aid of RNA polymerase?

A
transcription
B
translation
C
translocation
D
transportation

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