AnswersFL-2001340-Environmental Science BHuman Impact on the Environment

Human Impact on the Environment — Cumulative exam Answers

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1
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The first step in selective breeding is to

A
decide which individuals to breed.
B
study the breeding habits of species.
C
choose which characteristics to breed for.
D
breed two different individuals to see what happens.
2
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Which of the following is an example of adaptive radiation?

A
One population of squirrels becomes two separate species over a long time.
B
One population of lizards forms 15 separate species over a short time.
C
One species of birds becomes better suited to its environment over time.
D
One species of fish forms when two species of fish begin to breed with each other.
3

Which statement best describes how Watson and Crick's model used other scientists' work to create a model of DNA?

A
They used Chargaff's rule to determine that it contains ribose sugar.
B
They used Franklin's photo to determine that DNA was a double helix.
C
They used Levene's work to determine the number of base pairs in each strand.
D
They used Nirenberg and Matthei's studies to determine that DNA is made of nucleotides.
4

Which is the most efficient way to avoid DNA mutations from UV radiation?

A
Avoid getting X-rays at the doctor’s office.
B
Avoid protective shields during X-rays.
C
Avoid UV radiation by wearing sunscreen.
D
Avoid UV radiation by using a tanning bed.
5

Karyotypes can be studied to determine an organism’s chromosomal makeup and to detect genetic defects. Patau syndrome occurs when an individual has an extra copy of chromosome 13, giving them three copies. Symptoms of Patau syndrome include extra digits, seizures, and cleft palate. Which word would geneticists use to describe the cause of Patau syndrome?

A
diploidy
B
homologous
C
heterozygous
D
trisomy
6

Drosophila eye color is an X-linked trait. Red eye color is dominant, and white eye color is recessive. Which Punnett square shows a cross in which the probability that offspring will be red-eyed males is 25 percent?

A
A Punnett square is shown. The columns are labeled Upper X r and Upper Y. The rows are labeled x Upper R and x Upper R. Clockwise, from top-left, the boxes include: X Upper R X r, X Upper R Y, X Upper R Y, X Upper R X r.
Option A
B
A Punnett square is shown. The columns are labeled Upper X r and Upper Y. The rows are labeled x Upper R and x r. Clockwise, from top-left, the boxes include: Upper X r Upper X r, Upper X r Upper Y, Upper X r Upper Y, Upper X r Upper X r.
Option B
C
A Punnett square is shown. The columns are labeled Upper X r and Upper Y. The rows are labeled x r and x r. Clockwise, from top-left, the boxes include: Upper X r Upper X r, Upper X r Upper Y, X r Upper Y, Upper X r Upper X r.
Option C
D
A Punnett square is shown. The columns are labeled Upper X Upper R and UpperY. The rows are labeled x r and x r. Clockwise, from top-left, the boxes include: Upper X r Upper X Upper R, Upper X r Upper Y, X r Upper X Upper R, Upper X r Upper X Upper R.
Option D
7

Pea plants can have yellow seeds or green seeds. Which conclusion about the meaning of Y is correct if the allele combination Yy is for yellow seeds?

A
yellow and dominant
B
green and recessive
C
yellow and recessive
D
green and dominant
8

Unattached earlobes is a dominant trait, E. A parent who is homozygous for unattached earlobes is crossed with a parent who is homozygous for attached earlobes. Which describes the genotypes of their offspring?

A
100 percent Ee
B
100 percent unattached earlobes
C
100 percent ee
D
100 percent attached earlobes
9

A student described his new pet dog to his friends. Which part of his description identifies an acquired trait of his new dog?

A
He has brown, spotted fur.
B
He responds when we call his name.
C
He has one blue eye and one brown eye.
D
He has a very long tail.
10

Suzanne has type A– blood. Which blood type could she receive in a blood transfusion?

A
A+
B
O–
C
O+
D
B–
11

Which is the correct order of processes that occur as water moves from a lake to a cloud and then back to Earth's surface?

A
evaporation, condensation, precipitation
B
condensation, evaporation, precipitation
C
precipitation , condensation, evaporation
D
evaporation, precipitation, condensation
12

The figures below refer to a herd of water buffalo.Birth rate = 35 Death rate = 7Immigration = 4 Emigration = 17What is this population growth?

A
population increases by 41
B
population decreases by 15
C
population increases by 15
D
population decreases by 24
13

Which is most likely a source of air pollution?

A
littering
B
CFCs
C
oil spill
D
runoff
14

Which type of process occurred in the ecosystem that was affected by the 1988 fires in Yellowstone Park, which destroyed most of the vegetation but left the soil intact?

A
primary succession
B
secondary succession
C
a climax community
D
species extinction
15

A scientist measured an increase in nitrous oxide in the atmosphere. This increase would result in

A
an increase in the greenhouse effect.
B
a decrease in the greenhouse effect.
C
no change in the greenhouse effect.
D
a stabilization of the greenhouse effect.
16

When comparing dogs to wolves, scientists found evidence that supports the idea they come from a common ancestor. Which combination of evidence would most strongly support this idea?

A
comparable anatomies, fossils, and behavior
B
different anatomies, similar development, and different DNA
C
comparable anatomies, similar development, and similar DNA
D
different anatomies, fossils, and behavior
17

A forest fire destroys an area. A small population of trees and a large population of birds are both affected. Which type of limiting factor causes this?

A
density dependent
B
density independent
C
population dependent
D
population independent
18

Which of the following is a method that geneticists use to determine if an individual has chromosome abnormalities?

A
karyotype of the individual’s chromosomes
B
DNA fingerprinting of the individual
C
X-ray of the individual
D
examination of the meiosis process of the chromosomes
19

Which of the following lists the levels of organizational hierarchy from most complex to least complex?

A
population, organism, ecosystem
B
biosphere, community, organism
C
biome, population, biosphere
D
population, ecosystem, community
20

Mutations within an organism can occur in body cells or reproductive cells. Which type of mutation is seen in a sperm cell but not in a skin cell?

A
somatic mutation
B
missense mutation
C
nonsense mutation
D
germline mutation

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