Economic Development — Cumulative exam Answers

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21
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Which best describes how advertising influences consumer choice in an oligopoly?

A
Advertising coaxes people to buy new products.
B
Advertising alerts consumers to price reductions.
C
Advertising undermines competition.
D
Advertising informs brand knowledge.
22
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Why is the slow growth that can result from a contractionary policy a positive effect?

A
It can increase loan interest rates.
B
It can decrease available credit.
C
It can increase the money supply.
D
It can decrease inflation.
23

The law of supply states that as the price of a good declines, the quantity supplied of that good

A
remains the same.
B
decreases.
C
increases.
D
disappears.
24

According to the law of demand, as prices increase, quantity demanded

A
increases.
B
decreases.
C
stays the same.
D
disappears.
25

Economists use changes in GDP to measure

A
the balance of trade with other countries.
B
any economic growth or shrinkage.
C
the causes of unemployment.
D
the distances between cities.
26

When entrepreneurs develop new products, other companies also experience growth because they

A
immediately copy the successful product.
B
create many companion products.
C
try to develop their own products.
D
attempt to improve the product.
27

How do trade agreements help the countries involved?

A
by restricting imports
B
by accelerating production
C
by expanding tax revenues
D
by decreasing trade barriers
28

The graph shows a point of equilibrium.What is the price at which equilibrium is achieved?

Question illustration
A
$8
B
$9
C
$10
D
$30
29

Aggregate supply is best described as the

A
total output of all products and services.
B
point of equilibrium.
C
nation’s real gross national product.
D
excess supply in the market.
30

Which best describes an opportunity cost?

A
accepting an opportunity to do something else when making an economic decision
B
giving up an opportunity to do something else when making an economic decision
C
accepting an opportunity to help accomplish something else when making an economic decision
D
giving up an opportunity to increase prices when making an economic decision
31

[BLANK]

A
worthless
B
plentiful
C
elastic
D
inelastic
32

Which best describes why governments enact tariffs?

A
to reduce the price of domestic products
B
to discourage consumers from purchasing foreign goods
C
to limit the sale of foreign goods
D
to ensure that domestic producers make a profit
33

When the government injects money into the economy, consumers may have more disposable income, which may lead to

A
higher unemployment.
B
higher production.
C
lower production.
D
increases in taxes.
34

If it becomes less expensive to travel overseas from the United States, American tourists will benefit from the fact that

A
tourist sites are getting crowded and dirty.
B
the US dollar has become stronger.
C
prices of foreign goods are rising.
D
the US dollar has declined in value.
35

Which organization created a shared economy?

A
European Union
B
World Trade Organization
C
North American Free Trade Agreements
D
Association of Southeast Asian Nations
36

If Country A is an agricultural country and Country B has many cities and factories, it would make sense for

A
both countries to set up car manufacturing plants.
B
Country A to specialize in growing corn while Country B specializes in making cars.
C
Country A to specialize in making cars while Country B specializes in growing corn.
D
both countries to compete in growing more corn.
37

Who was Adam Smith?

A
He was a philosopher who promoted the idea of free enterprise.
B
He was an economist who spoke against the market economy.
C
He was an official who ran an important government agency.
D
He was a producer who operated a factory in Scotland.
38

Embargoes, quotas, and standards are tools that countries use

A
to reduce exports.
B
to punish other countries.
C
to restrict imports.
D
to raise prices of domestic goods.
39

Which factors influence changes in consumer demand? Check all that apply.

A
market share
B
elasticity
C
international trade
D
clearance sales
E
income
40

An extended recessionary period is indicative of

A
a depression.
B
the start of a recovery.
C
a growing economy.
D
the end of a recession.

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