AnswersGA-GSE Biology AApplications of DNA Technology

Applications of DNA Technology — Cumulative exam Answers

4 verified answers
1
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Which are produced as a result of meiosis?

A
zygotes
B
chromosomes
C
tetrads
D
gametes
2
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What observation led researchers to propose that chloroplasts evolved from cyanobacteria?

A
Both produce proteins.
B
Both contain mitochondria.
C
Both provide structure to cells.
D
Both perform photosynthesis.
3

A Labrador retriever breeder needs to determine if three male pups who were born to Sadie, his black Labrador retriever, are the offspring of Sam, a yellow Labrador retriever from another breeder. Which process could the breeder use to determine if Sam is the father of the pups?

A
PCR analysis
B
STR analysis
C
mtDNA analysis
D
Y-chromosome analysis
4

Which statement best describes the molecular structure of protein, along with one of the functions of proteins?

A
It is a straight chain hydrocarbon that can help fight disease.
B
It is a complex, folded chain that helps regulate cell processes.
C
It is a simple carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen molecule that creates movement.
D
It is a chain of nucleotides, and forms muscle, bone, and ligaments.
5

Which organisms are prokaryotes?

A
archaea
B
fungi
C
protists
D
plants
6

What is the next step in the process after a substrate enters the active site of an enzyme?

A
The chemical reaction occurs.
B
New substances called products are formed.
C
The enzyme and the substrate bind to form the enzyme-substrate complex.
D
The enzyme and the products bind to form the enzyme-products complex.
7

If a scientist wanted to follow Mendel’s experiment with a different kind of plant, which type of plant would she examine?

A
A plant that cannot self-pollinate.
B
A plant that has only recessive alleles.
C
A plant that has three alleles for a trait.
D
A plant that has only two alleles for a trait.
8

Which factor can decrease the rate of a chemical reaction?

A
low activation energy
B
high pressure
C
low temperature
D
high concentration of enzyme
9

If the endoplasmic reticulum were removed from the cell, which organelle would not be able to function properly, and why?

A
mitochondria, because they rely on the ER as an energy source
B
ribosomes, because they receive proteins made by the ER
C
Golgi apparatus, because it packages proteins received from the ER
D
cytoplasm, because it relies on the ER for structural support
10

Sucrose is made of which simple sugars?

A
glucose and fructose
B
fructose and galactose
C
galactose and cellulose
D
cellulose and glucose
11

Suzanne has type A– blood. Which blood type could she receive in a blood transfusion?

A
A+
B
O–
C
O+
D
B–
12

Punnett squares are used to show possible combinations of alleles or to predict the probability of a trait occurring in offspring. A parakeet that is heterozygous for blue feathers (dominant) is crossed with a parakeet that is homozygous for white feathers (recessive). According to the Punnett square for this cross, what percentage of offspring is predicted to have blue feathers?

Question illustration
A
25 percent
B
50 percent
C
75 percent
D
100 percent
13

How were Redi’s and Pasteur’s experiments different?

A
Redi studied broth, but Pasteur tested meat.
B
Pasteur studied flies, but Redi tested meat.
C
Pasteur tested for microorganisms, but Redi studied larger organisms.
D
Redi tested for microorganisms, but Pasteur studied larger organisms.
14

Which organism produces spores?

A
jellyfish
B
ferns
C
roses
D
fish
15

Why are algae and ferns both green?

A
They each contain chlorophyll that absorbs violet-blue light and reflects green light.
B
They each contain chlorophyll that absorbs green light and reflects violet-blue light.
C
Algae contain chlorophyll, and ferns contain ferredoxin that absorbs violet-blue light and reflects green light.
D
Ferns contain chlorophyll, and algae contain ferredoxin that absorbs green light and reflects violet-blue light.
16

Which statement best describes the relationship between proteins and nucleic acids?

A
Proteins read the instructions that are contained in nucleic acids.
B
Nucleic acids synthesize the amino acids for protein construction.
C
Nucleic acids provide the blueprint for the construction of proteins.
D
Proteins are composed of nucleic acids.
17

During which process is ethanol produced?

A
lactic acid fermentation
B
alcohol fermentation
C
citric acid cycle
D
electron transport chain
18

Which statement best describes how Watson and Crick's model used other scientists' work to create a model of DNA?

A
They used Chargaff's rule to determine that it contains ribose sugar.
B
They used Franklin's photo to determine that DNA was a double helix.
C
They used Levene's work to determine the number of base pairs in each strand.
D
They used Nirenberg and Matthei's studies to determine that DNA is made of nucleotides.
19

Unattached earlobes is a dominant trait, E. A parent who is homozygous for unattached earlobes is crossed with a parent who is homozygous for attached earlobes. Which describes the genotypes of their offspring?

A
100 percent Ee
B
100 percent unattached earlobes
C
100 percent ee
D
100 percent attached earlobes
20

How does the cell wall protect a plant cell?

A
The cell wall protects the cell by providing support and maintaining the cell's shape.
B
The cell wall protects the cell by storing food so the plant doesn't run out.
C
The cell wall is thin and flexible, which allows the cell to be moved without harming the organelles.
D
The cell wall is on the inside of the cell and serves to contain the contents of the cell.

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