Introduction to Economics — Cumulative exam Answers

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Which situation is an example of comparative advantage in an international market?

A
Country A decides to grow extra potatoes so they have more to export, while Country B does not grow potatoes to export.
B
Factories in Country A and Country B produce the same number of tablet computers. Country A’s factories could be used instead to build more laptops than the factories in Country B.
C
Country A invests in a new technology while Country B chooses to invest in education.
D
Country A can produce 100 units of rice per acre of farmland, while Country B can only produce 70 units of rice per acre of farmland using the same resources.
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When it spends money on education, a government is trying to

A
find a way to meet a social need.
B
encourage immediate economic growth.
C
meet a social need and improve the economy.
D
find a way to spend budget surpluses.
4

At his comic book store, Korey’s Comics, Korey sells approximately $3,250 in comic books each month. But as a comic book dealer, Korey only pays $1,285 for these comic books. Korey’s monthly operating expenses, including labor, are $875. Calculate Korey’s monthly net income.a.$1,090b.$1,965c.$2,375d.$2,840

A
A
B
B
C
C
D
D
5

Why is the slow growth that can result from a contractionary policy a positive effect?

A
It can increase loan interest rates.
B
It can decrease available credit.
C
It can increase the money supply.
D
It can decrease inflation.
6

Economists use changes in GDP to measure

A
the balance of trade with other countries.
B
any economic growth or shrinkage.
C
the causes of unemployment.
D
the distances between cities.
7

Gross domestic product (GDP) is the value of goods and services produced in a country annually. It can best be described as measuring an economy’s

A
total product.
B
total demand.
C
total input.
D
total output.
8

What is the role of the three questions of economics?

A
to assess product profitability
B
to aid in production decisions
C
to offset a poor economy
D
to determine quality and cost
9

Last month, Korey’s Comics had $4,350 in net sales with a gross profit of $3,320 and a net income of $1,850. Calculate Korey’s gross profit margin.a.42.5%b.55.7%c.76.3%d.179.5%

A
A
B
B
C
C
D
D
10

Korey is planning to open a comic book store. When the store opens, he plans to be the only employee. As the business grows, he will extend his hours of operations and hire additional employees as necessary. In Korey’s business plan, this information should be included in the _____ component.a.financial analysisb.organizational planc.executive summaryd.implementation plan

A
A
B
B
C
C
D
D
11

At the beginning of January, Kesia Records paid $148,950 to acquire the exclusive rights to a new album. It costs them $1.13 to print a copy of this album, which they can sell for $9.75. The following chart shows the sales of that record, along with the overhead expenses of running a record studio, not counting production costs.MonthAlbums SoldExpensesJan.5,486$27,714Feb.8,191$21,689Mar.4,796$25,195Apr.7,490$28,766May6,272$24,604Jun.5,131$29,040In whch month did Kesia Records first break even?a.Januaryb.Marchc.Aprild.May

A
A
B
B
C
C
D
D
12

What is the best definition of profit?

A
Profit is the possible income from producing an additional item.
B
Profit is the price of producing one additional unit of a good.
C
Profit is the additional income gained from selling an additional good.
D
Profit is the financial gain from business activity minus expenses.
13

How does a socialist government with a command economy manage its economy?

A
The government lets producers set wages for workers.
B
The government owns all homes and other forms of housing.
C
The government allows consumers to make their own choices.
D
The government controls factories and other forms of production.
14

The graph shows a point of equilibrium.What is the price at which equilibrium is achieved?

Question illustration
A
$8
B
$9
C
$10
D
$30
15

What are the two steps a producer can take to gain an absolute advantage?

A
Produce more goods.
B
Use high-quality resources.
C
Produce more expensive goods.
D
Use fewer resources.
E
Produce high-quality goods.
F
Use local resources.
16

Which best describes what happens to a corporation after its founders retire?

A
It shuts down operations.
B
It transfers to new owners.
C
It continues in business.
D
It sells out to shareholders.
17

Which of these practices describe how producers in oligopolies generally try to create competition? Check all that apply.

A
by keeping prices low
B
by offering promotions
C
by advertising
D
by cultivating brand loyalty
E
by overcoming barriers to entry
F
by developing a specific image
18

Which are indicators that economists use to measure how an economy grows? Select two options.

A
monitoring election results
B
measuring how much the economy produces
C
monitoring the popularity of different music groups
D
studying the economy of another country
E
tracking the unemployment rate
19

President Roslin of Country XYZ knows that a new policy is needed to help solve the problem of rising unemployment in her nation. Her next step is to

A
develop a plan.
B
implement a plan.
C
identify the problem.
D
solve the problem.
20

Which occurs during disequilibrium? Check all that apply.

A
Supply and demand meet.
B
Supply is less than demand.
C
Supply and demand set prices.
D
Supply is greater than demand.
E
Supply and demand set production.
21

The graph shows the market for graphic T-shirts.

Question illustration
A
As the amount of a product goes up, the price goes up.
B
As the amount of a product goes down, the price goes up.
C
As the interest in a product goes up, the price goes up.
D
As the interest in a product goes down, the price goes up.

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