AnswersFL-2003310-Physical Science CRCumulative Exam

Cumulative Exam — Cumulative exam Answers

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Which statement best explains how the mass of an atom is organized?

A
Most of the mass is contained in the nucleus.
B
The mass is spread evenly throughout the whole atom.
C
The mass is spread evenly throughout the electron cloud.
D
Most of the mass is contained in the electron cloud.
22
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Which is an example of a chemical change?

A
frying an egg
B
boiling water
C
melting butter
D
chopping onions
23

During a camping trip, Sierra collected dry branches and broke them into smaller pieces. She then placed the sticks in a fire pit and used a match to light the sticks on fire. Next, she propped a metal pan of water over the fire and heated it until the water boiled.

A
physical change: breaking stickschemical changes: lighting the fire, boiling water
B
physical change: boiling waterchemical change: breaking sticks, lighting the fire
C
physical changes: lighting the fire, boiling waterchemical change: breaking sticks
D
physical changes: breaking sticks, boiling waterchemical change: lighting the fire
24

There are several ways to model a compound. One type of model is shown.

Question illustration
A
CHO
B
C4H9O2
C
C4H8O
D
C3H8O2
25

Which most likely indicates a chemical change has occurred?

A
a solid substance becoming larger
B
a solid melting and becoming a liquid
C
a green liquid becoming a red liquid
D
a liquid freezing and becoming a solid
26

Which is the balanced equation for S8 + O2 → SO2?

A
S8 + O16 → 8SO2
B
S8 + O2 → S8 + O2
C
S8 + O2 → S8O2
D
S8 + 8O2 → 8SO2
27

Which ingredient would a company that makes super-sour candy most likely use in large quantities?

A
nitric acid
B
zinc hydroxide
C
citric acid
D
calcium hydroxide
28

What is produced when calcium reacts with fluorine in a synthesis reaction?Ca + F2 ________

Question illustration
A
CaF
B
CaF4
C
2CaF
D
CaF2
29

A researcher is using a particle accelerator in an experiment studying isotopes. How can the researcher change one isotope into a different isotope of the same element?

A
by removing valence electrons
B
by adding valence electrons
C
by adding or removing protons
D
by adding or removing neutrons
30

The volume of a gas decreases from 15.7 m3 to 11.2 m3 while the pressure changes from 1.12 atm to 1.67 atm. If the initial temperature is 245 K, what is the final temperature of the gas?

A
117 K
B
230 K
C
261 K
D
512 K
31

The diagram below shows the energy conversions of the Krebs cycle, which is part of cellular respiration. The U-shaped arrows that show changes for NAD+, FAD, and ADP molecules represent energy conversions. From each glucose molecule, two acetyl-CoA molecules are made for the Krebs cycle.How many energy conversions occur when both acetyl-CoA molecules go through the Krebs cycle?

Question illustration
A
5
B
6
C
10
D
12
32

Which type of reaction is C12H22O11 → 12C + 11H2O?

A
synthesis
B
decomposition
C
oxidation
D
combustion
33

How would an electron shell model of an oxygen atom (O) appear after the atom has formed chemical bonds?

A
It would have six electrons in the outermost shell.
B
It would have six electrons in the innermost shell.
C
It would have eight electrons in the outermost shell.
D
It would have eight electrons in the innermost shell.
34

What did Thomson’s model of the atom include that Dalton’s model did not have?

A
a nucleus
B
energy levels
C
electron clouds
D
smaller particles
35

Which statement correctly distinguishes photosynthesis and respiration?

A
Photosynthesis occurs in animal cells and not plant cells.
B
Cellular respiration occurs in animal cells and not plant cells.
C
Photosynthesis uses chemical energy as energy source, and cell respiration uses light energy.
D
Photosynthesis uses light as energy source, and cell respiration uses chemical energy.
36

The symbol P represents the element phosphorus. This element’s atomic number is 15. How many protons and electrons are in a P–3 ion?

A
15 protons and 3 electrons
B
12 protons and 15 electrons
C
15 protons and 18 electrons
D
18 protons and 15 electrons
37

Which best compares and contrasts how John Newlands and Dmitri Mendeleev organized elements?

A
Both Newlands and Mendeleev arranged elements according to their chemical properties, but only Newlands used atomic mass as well.
B
Both Newlands and Mendeleev arranged elements according to their atomic masses, but only Mendeleev used chemical properties as well.
C
Both Newlands and Mendeleev organized elements into groups, but only Newlands used a table with rows and columns.
D
Both Newlands and Mendeleev organized elements into a table with rows and columns, but only Mendeleev named different groups of elements.
38

How does Bohr’s model of the atom compare with Thomson’s model?

A
They both describe atoms as small, indivisible spheres.
B
They both describe electrons as moving around the nucleus.
C
They both describe electrons as being surrounded by the positive matter.
D
They both describe atoms as being made up of positive and negative matter.
39

When ammonium chloride and water interact, less energy is released from breaking the bonds in the water and ammonium chloride than what is required to form the bonds of the new substance.

A
An endothermic reaction is occurring.
B
An exothermic reaction is occurring.
C
Energy is being released into the surroundings.
D
Energy escapes as light into the surroundings.
40

Natalia began to draw a diagram to compare bases and acids.

Question illustration
A
conducts electric current
B
produces OH– ions
C
tastes sour
D
reacts with carbonates

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