AnswersCrowley Credit Recovery Physics ASecond Law of Thermodynamics

Second Law of Thermodynamics — Cumulative exam Answers

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It requires 350 joules to raise a certain amount of a substance from 10.0°C to 30.0°C. The specific heat of the substance is 1.2 J/g°C.

A
12 g
B
15 g
C
18 g
D
30 g
2
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A scientist wants to perform a controlled experiment to test the effect of rust on chemically treated iron. Which action would be most important to perform in a controlled experiment?

A
Design an experiment that is based on previously published results.
B
Expose the treated iron to the corrosive effects of the air.
C
Test a large piece of treated iron and a small piece of untreated iron.
D
Test a piece of treated iron and a piece of untreated iron under the same conditions.
3

A velocity vs. time graph for an object is shown.

Question illustration
A
constant and positive
B
constant and negative
C
changing and positive
D
changing and negative
4

The energy transfer diagram represents the energy of a light bulb.

Question illustration
A
60 J
B
80 J
C
100 J
D
120 J
5

What is the kinetic energy of an object that has a mass of 50.0 kg and a velocity of 18 m/s?

A
450 J
B
900 J
C
8,100 J
D
16,000 J
6

The acceleration due to gravity on Earth is 9.8 m/s2. What is the weight of a 75 kg person on Earth?

A
9.8 N
B
75 N
C
85 N
D
735 N
7

A hot air balloon pilot wants the balloon to quickly rise several feet higher so it will be above some trees in the distance. Which best explains how the pilot can make the balloon rise?

A
The pilot can adjust the temperature inside the balloon so it is equal to the temperature of the surrounding air.
B
The pilot can adjust the density of the air inside the balloon so it is equal to the density of the surrounding air.
C
The pilot can decrease the temperature inside the balloon so it is cooler than the surrounding air.
D
The pilot can increase the temperature inside the balloon so it is warmer than the surrounding air.
8

The diagram shows what happens to a system undergoing an adiabatic process.

Question illustration
A
X: Work is done by the system and temperature decreases.Y: Work is done to the system and temperature increases.
B
X: Work is done to the system and temperature increases.Y: Work is done by the system and temperature decreases.
C
X: Work is done by the system and temperature increases.Y: Work is done to the system and temperature decreases.
D
X: Work is done to the system and temperature decreases.Y: Work is done by the system and temperature increases.
9

A student wants to determine the impulse delivered to the lab cart when it runs into the wall. The student measures the mass of the cart and the velocity of the cart before it hits the wall.

A
the velocity of the cart after it hits the wall
B
the force exerted on the cart by the wall
C
the time the cart is in contact with the wall
D
the acceleration of the cart before it hits the wall
10

A ball moves in a circle at the end of a string, as shown.

Question illustration
A
W
B
X
C
Y
D
Z
12

Which is the best example of kinetic energy?

A
A picture of a field of flowers in the sunlight.
Option A
B
A picture of an owl sitting on a branch.
Option B
C
A picture of a dog running.
Option C
D
A picture of some rocks sitting on grass.
Option D
13

In an investigation that uses the scientific method, which step immediately follows making a hypothesis?

A
summarizing the results
B
asking a question
C
making observations
D
designing an experiment
14

A puppy finds a rawhide bone and begins to pull it with a force, Ft. The free-body diagram is shown.

Question illustration
A
It begins to move toward the right.
B
It stays in static equilibrium.
C
It stays in dynamic equilibrium.
D
It begins to move toward the left.
15

What is the horizontal acceleration of a ball that is launched horizontally with a velocity of 5.6 m/s?

A
–9.8 m/s2
B
0 m/s2
C
5.6 m/s2
D
9.8 m/s2
16

In a lab experiment, a student is trying to apply the conservation of momentum. Two identical balls, each with a mass of 1.0 kg, roll toward each other and collide. The velocity is measured before and after each collision. The collected data is shown below.Which trial shows the conservation of momentum in a closed system?

Question illustration
A
Trial 1
B
Trial 2
C
Trial 3
D
Trial 4
17

The gravitational force between two objects is 1600 N. What will be the gravitational force between the objects if the distance between them doubles?

A
400 N
B
800 N
C
3200 N
D
6400 N
18

What is the first way in which biology researchers present the results of their latest research?

A
through an article published in the newspaper
B
through an e-mail addressed to the scientific community
C
through an interview given to a local TV news reporter
D
through an article published in a scientific journal
19

A train travels 600 km in 4 hours. What is the speed of the train?

A
0.007 km/h
B
604 km/h
C
150 km/h
D
2,400 km/h
20

Russ makes the diagram below to organize his notes about how Newton’s first law describes objects at equilibrium.

Question illustration
A
Has a net force of zero
B
Has a velocity of zero
C
Is moving with a constant velocity
D
Is slowing down and coming to rest
21

Ronnie kicks a playground ball with an initial velocity of 16 m/s at an angle of 40° relative to the ground. What is the approximate horizontal component of the initial velocity?

A
0.64 m/s
B
0.77 m/s
C
10.3 m/s
D
12.3 m/s

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