AnswersRMA FL-2001310-EarthSpace Science Semester 1Cumulative Exam

Cumulative Exam — Cumulative exam Answers

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An atom bonds with another atom. What is the best classification for this reaction?

A
endothermic
B
chemical
C
nuclear
D
redox
22
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Examine the image of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram.

Question illustration
A
cool
B
hot
C
large
D
small
23

At night, the demand for electricity supplied by a fission nuclear reactor decreases. How is the fission nuclear reaction controlled to avoid overproduction of electricity?

A
The temperature of the reactor is lowered because high temperature and pressure are needed.
B
The temperature of the reactor is raised because the reaction slows down at higher temperatures.
C
The exposure between the fuel rods and a neutron-absorbing material is increased.
D
The exposure between the fuel rods and a neutron-absorbing material is reduced.
24

When comparing dogs to wolves, scientists found evidence that supports the idea they come from a common ancestor. Which combination of evidence would most strongly support this idea?

A
comparable anatomies, fossils, and behavior
B
different anatomies, similar development, and different DNA
C
comparable anatomies, similar development, and similar DNA
D
different anatomies, fossils, and behavior
25

Theresa comes up with four examples of waves: sound wave, ocean wave, light wave, and hand wave. Which of Theresa's examples is not an actual scientific wave?

A
Sound wave
B
Ocean wave
C
Light wave
D
Hand wave
26

Aluminum has a frequency threshold of 9.846 × 1014 Hz. Which best explains what will happen when light with a frequency below the frequency threshold strikes aluminum?

A
Electrons will be ejected immediately.
B
No electrons will be ejected.
C
Electrons will start being ejected several seconds after the light strikes the aluminum.
D
No electrons will be ejected unless the intensity is very high.
27

Molecules in all organisms are composed in part of radioactive carbon-14. Which statement best explains the presence of carbon-14 in organisms?

A
The radioactive isotope reacts in the same way as stable isotopes in the nuclear reactions in the body.
B
The radioactive isotope reacts in the same way as stable isotopes in the chemical reactions in the body.
C
The radioactive isotope reacts faster than stable isotopes in the nuclear reactions in the body.
D
The radioactive isotope reacts faster than stable isotopes in the chemical reactions in the body.
28

When a volcano erupts, tiny particles from which of Earth’s spheres are released into the air?

A
atmosphere
B
biosphere
C
geosphere
D
hydrosphere
29

Which statement is part of Dalton's atomic theory?

A
Matter is composed of small particles called atoms.
B
Atoms can be divided into their subatomic particles.
C
Atoms are able to be seen with proper spectroscopy equipment.
D
Chemical reactions can change atoms from one type to another.
30

The ratio of coils of wire in the primary winding to the secondary winding of a transformer is 3:2. How does the transformer change the voltage of a current applied to the primary winding?

A
It increases to three-halves times the original.
B
It decreases to two-thirds the original.
C
It increases to three times the original.
D
It decreases to one-third the original.
31

The images show sedimentary layers before and after they were shifted by a geologic event.

Question illustration
A
layer A
B
layer B
C
layer C
D
layer D
33

Scientists have detected an asteroid that is 700,000,000 km from Earth. About how many astronomical units is that?

A
0.5 AU
B
1 AU
C
3.5 AU
D
4.5 AU
34

Chris drew a diagram to compare the ways in which different organisms obtain nitrogen.

Question illustration
A
breathe in from atmosphere
B
produce themselves
C
eat other organisms
D
absorb from soil
35

Which changes in an electric motor will make the motor stronger? Select 3 options.

A
using a stronger permanent magnet
B
using a weaker permanent magnet
C
increasing current in the electromagnet
D
decreasing current in the electromagnet
E
increasing the distance between the magnets
F
decreasing the distance between the magnets
36

The diagram shows cross-cutting relationships among rocks.

Question illustration
A
D occurred after B.
B
D occurred before A.
C
A formed after the horizontal layer above was deposited.
D
F formed before the horizontal layer above was deposited.
37

Who rediscovered Aristarchus’s model of a heliocentric solar system?

A
Copernicus
B
Galileo
C
Kepler
D
Ptolemy
38

Fossils show how the complexity of living organisms has changed over time. Gerobatrachus hottoni was a unique organism that lived during the Permian period between ancient salamanders and ancient frogs. Scientists have nicknamed this organism the “frogamander” because it is believed to be a common ancestor of both modern frogs and salamanders.Which type of fossil is Gerobatrachus hottoni most likely to be?

Question illustration
A
intermediary
B
phylogenic
C
transitional
D
index
39

Which two scientists’ theories supported the general consensus of the people and religious teachings of the time?

A
Aristarchus and Aristotle
B
Aristotle and Ptolemy
C
Ptolemy and Copernicus
D
Galileo and Aristarchus
40

Which fields would most likely make use of spectroscopy techniques? Select 4 options.

A
food production
B
medical research
C
scientific research
D
space research
E
weather forecasting
41

The lava released by a volcanic eruption separates two populations of a species of monkey. What does this represent?

A
biological isolation
B
geographical isolation
C
temporal isolation
D
anatomical isolation

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