AnswersIL-Physical Science A-CRAcids and Bases in Solution

Acids and Bases in Solution — Cumulative exam Answers

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21
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During a camping trip, Sierra collected dry branches and broke them into smaller pieces. She then placed the sticks in a fire pit and used a match to light the sticks on fire. Next, she propped a metal pan of water over the fire and heated it until the water boiled.

A
physical change: breaking stickschemical changes: lighting the fire, boiling water
B
physical change: boiling waterchemical change: breaking sticks, lighting the fire
C
physical changes: lighting the fire, boiling waterchemical change: breaking sticks
D
physical changes: breaking sticks, boiling waterchemical change: lighting the fire
22
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There are several ways to model a compound. One type of model is shown.

Question illustration
A
CHO
B
C4H9O2
C
C4H8O
D
C3H8O2
23

A researcher is using a particle accelerator in an experiment studying isotopes. How can the researcher change one isotope into a different isotope of the same element?

A
by removing valence electrons
B
by adding valence electrons
C
by adding or removing protons
D
by adding or removing neutrons
24

The graph indicates Linda’s walk.

Question illustration
A
Linda started out moving, and then stopped moving after 6 seconds.
B
Linda started moving away from the start point, and then moved closer.
C
Linda never moved the entire trip.
D
Linda’s path results in a negative slope.
25

This table shows the pH values of different solutions.

Question illustration
A
W X Y Z
Option A
B
Y W X Z
Option B
C
W X Z Y
Option C
D
Y Z X W
Option D
26

In an investigation, the atoms of a certain substance lose energy during a change of state. Before the change, the atoms are far apart and move constantly at high speeds and in all directions. After the change, the atoms are close together but are able to slide past one another.Use the diagram that shows changes of state between solid, liquid, and gas to answer the question.

Question illustration
A
L
B
N
C
O
D
P
27

At top, Image 1 shows 2 C's connected by 2 lines. Each C is connected by single lines to 2 H's. At bottom, two dots and 12 C's in a line, each connected to the others before and after with single lines. Each C is connected by single lines to 2 H's, 1 above and 1 below.

Question illustration
A
Image 1 shows a polymer, and Image 2 shows a monomer.
B
Image 1 shows a monomer, and Image 2 shows a polymer.
C
Image 1 shows a macromolecule, and Image 2 shows a synthetic polymer.
D
Image 1 shows a synthetic polymer, and Image 2 shows a macromolecule.
28

Which is the balanced equation for S8 + O2 → SO2?

A
S8 + O16 → 8SO2
B
S8 + O2 → S8 + O2
C
S8 + O2 → S8O2
D
S8 + 8O2 → 8SO2
29

Which ingredient would a company that makes super-sour candy most likely use in large quantities?

A
nitric acid
B
zinc hydroxide
C
citric acid
D
calcium hydroxide
30

A solution is oversaturated with solute. Which could be done to decrease the oversaturation?

A
dilute the solution
B
add more solute
C
cool the solution
D
add a different solute
31

Which statement correctly describes compounds?

A
Compounds cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.
B
Each compound is composed of one type of molecule.
C
Compounds can be broken down into simpler substances by physical means.
D
Each compound is composed of one type of atom.
32

Kenneth ran a marathon (26.2 miles) in 5.5 hours. What was Kenneth’s average speed? (Round your answer to the nearest tenth.)

A
0.2 mph
B
4.8 mph
C
5.5 mph
D
144.1 mph
33

This chart shows what happens when each object is placed on a balance with a 10 kg weight on the other side.Which statement is best supported by the information in the chart?

Question illustration
A
Object 1 is the heaviest object.
B
Object 3 is heavier than Object 1.
C
The weight is heavier than Object 2.
D
The weight is the heaviest object.
34

What did Thomson’s model of the atom include that Dalton’s model did not have?

A
a nucleus
B
energy levels
C
electron clouds
D
smaller particles
35

Covalent bonds tend to make atoms more stable by helping them

A
fill up their innermost electron shell.
B
fill up their outermost electron shell.
C
empty out their innermost electron shell.
D
empty out their outermost electron shell.
36

A cylinder at left with balls evenly spaced throughout the cylinder has an arrow leading to a cylinder at right cylinder with balls in a layer at its bottom.

Question illustration
A
condensation
B
boiling
C
sublimation
D
freezing
37

Natalia began to draw a diagram to compare bases and acids.

Question illustration
A
conducts electric current
B
produces OH– ions
C
tastes sour
D
reacts with carbonates
38

The symbol P represents the element phosphorus. This element’s atomic number is 15. How many protons and electrons are in a P–3 ion?

A
15 protons and 3 electrons
B
12 protons and 15 electrons
C
15 protons and 18 electrons
D
18 protons and 15 electrons
39

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) was added to pure water (H2O). Which most likely were the pH values of the water before and after the sodium hydroxide was added to it?

A
before = 7, after = 9
B
before = 7, after = 4
C
before = 4, after = 7
D
before = 9, after = 7
40

Juliana was late to physical science class and missed the beginning of the notes, including the title. These are the notes she took.-Makes up everything -Can be solid, liquid, or gas -Is made up of atoms, or tiny particles that are the smallest unit of matterWhat would be the best title for her notes?

A
Atoms
B
Matter
C
Mass
D
Weight

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