Cumulative Exam — Cumulative exam Answers

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Which of the following is the best environment in which to observe impacts of the founder effect?

A
the North American great plains
B
the Amazon rainforest
C
small Pacific islands
D
deserts
25

The greenhouse effect _______.

A
is essential for life on Earth
B
warms Earth’s atmosphere
C
is a natural phenomenon
D
all of the above
26

What characteristic is shared by both inceptisols and entisols, the soils of flood plains?

A
They both have well-developed soil horizons and profiles.
B
Both are young and only beginning to develop horizons and a soil profile.
C
They are both at the final stage of soil development.
D
None of the above
27

Which of the following is principally responsible for water cycling in plants?

A
evaporation
B
transpiration
C
evapotranspiration
D
condensation
29

Which of the following statements about biodiversity is not true?

A
Changes to biodiversity never occur naturally.
B
Changes to biodiversity can lead to a decrease in ecosystem stability.
C
Changes to biodiversity can positively and negatively affect on an ecosystem.
D
Changes to biodiversity can lead to an increase in ecosystem stability.
31

Which of the following is a way that climate affects soil formation?

A
increased precipitation
B
warmer temperatures
C
increased winds
D
all of the above
32

Earthquakes can _______.

A
trigger other earthquakes
B
cause tsunamis
C
cause billions of dollars in damages
D
all of the above
33

Which of the following scenarios is representative of parasitism?

A
Tapeworms living in a mammal’s intestinal tract
B
Remora fish attaching themselves to sharks
C
Birds feeding on insects stirred up by grazing animals
D
Birds eating scraps of food from a crocodile’s teeth
34

Which of the following is an example of physical weathering?

A
ice forming in cracks of rocks
B
acid rain falling on sidewalks
C
waves washing over rocks on the beach
D
water washing away soil in an area used by off-road vehicles
35

The ozone layer is located in the _______.

A
troposphere
B
stratosphere
C
mesosphere
D
thermosphere
37

The carbon cycle involves an exchange of carbon between _______.

A
the geosphere and atmosphere
B
the atmosphere and hydrosphere
C
the geosphere and hydrosphere
D
the geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere

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