Lab: Thermal Energy Transfer — Cumulative exam Answers

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1
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Which describes an effect that ocean currents have on short-term climate change?

A
Ocean currents increase the strength of prevailing winds, which can cool the air and land.
B
Ocean currents can carry cold water, which can cool the air and land.
C
Ocean currents increase hurricane activity, which can raise the temperature of the air and land.
D
Ocean currents carry cold water, which may not affect hurricane activity and lower the temperature of the air and land.
3

The total energy in a system is 675 J. The kinetic energy changes from 296 J to 432 J. Which statement best describes the potential energy of this system?

A
It changes from 296 J to 432 J.
B
It changes from 379 J to 243 J.
C
It changes from 432 J to 296 J.
D
It changes from 243 J to 379 J.
5

Which best describes a difference between energy transformations in power plants and dams?

A
Only power plants use fossil fuels to transform energy.
B
Only dams use fission to generate thermal energy.
C
Only power plants use water to turn turbines.
D
Only dams use mechanical energy to produce electricity.
7

Which shows the temperatures of three substances, in order, from greatest to least?

w
water vapor, ice, water
i
ice, water, water vapor
w
water, water vapor, ice
w
water vapor, water, ice
8

Which action destroys topsoil?

A
mowing land
B
adding nutrients to soil
C
plowing land without replanting
D
sowing seeds in land
9

Which of these actions would increase heat transfer between two objects?

e
establishing their thermal equilibrium
i
increasing the area of their contact
u
using objects with similar specific heats
r
reducing the time of their contact
10

Which is an example of potential energy?

A
a swimmer kicking their legs
B
a car driving on the road
C
an arrow flying at a target
D
a yo-yo in someone’s hand
11

Which event is associated with tornados?

s
sea levels rising due to high waves
c
coastal flooding due to storm surge
p
paths of damage up to 50 miles long
w
wind and rain lasting for several days
13

Which state(s) of matter have no definite shape or volume?

l
liquids and solids
l
liquids and gasses
g
gasses
s
solids
14

Which of these prevents conduction from occurring?

A
equal masses
B
different masses
C
equal temperatures
D
different temperatures
15

What is the overall energy transformation in a coal-fired power plant?

A
electrical to chemical
B
chemical to electrical
C
nuclear to radiant
D
radiant to nuclear
16

Which statement gives two characteristics of all liquids?

A
They spread out to fill space and have atoms that vibrate in place.
B
They have atoms that vibrate in place and have a definite shape.
C
They will change shape to fit a container and have definite volume.
D
They have definite volume and have atoms that move freely in all directions.
17

Examine the weather map.

Question illustration
6
60°F to 69°F
7
70°F to 79°F
8
80°F to 89°F
9
90°F to 99°F
18

During which changes of state do atoms that cannot move past one another become free to move?

A
vaporization and sublimation
B
boiling and deposition
C
sublimation and melting
D
condensation and melting
20

Which indicates that thermal energy is no longer being transferred from boiling water to a mug?

A
The mug and the water lose all thermal energy.
B
The water is hotter than the mug.
C
The mug is hotter than the water.
D
The water and the mug are the same temperature.

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