AnswersMO-Physical Science A-CRShifts in Equilibrium

Shifts in Equilibrium — Cumulative exam Answers

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1
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A substance conducts an electric current when it is in the liquid state. What would the conductivity of the substance in solid form indicate about the type of bond in the substance?

A
If the solid is conductive, the bonds are ionic.
B
If the solid is not conductive, the bonds are covalent.
C
If the solid is conductive, the bonds are metallic.
D
If the solid is not conductive, the bonds are metallic.
2
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Microscopes are used to study the structures of rocks. Over time, microscopes have become more and more powerful. As a result of this technological improvement, our structural information of rocks

A
now includes fewer minerals.
B
has become increasingly detailed.
C
has become increasingly debatable.
D
now includes the location of electrons.
3

The diagram below shows a group of water molecules.The water molecules in the diagram are attracted to each other by

Question illustration
A
ionic bonds.
B
hydrogen bonds.
C
London dispersion forces.
D
dipole-induced dipole interactions.
4

Which of these properties is the best one to use for identification of an element?

A
the number of neutrons in the atomic nucleus
B
the number of protons in the atomic nucleus
C
the number of isotopes that are formed by the element
D
the number of charges on ions of the element
5

The symbol for xenon (Xe) would be a part of the noble gas notation for the element

A
antimony.
B
cesium.
C
radium.
D
uranium.
6

The mass number of a chromium atom is 52 and it has 24 protons. How many neutrons does this atom have?

A
24
B
28
C
76
D
80
7

Which word equation shows lithium oxide being formed from the reaction between oxygen and lithium?

A
oxygen + lithium oxide lithium
Option A
B
lithium + oxygen lithium oxide
Option B
C
oxygen + lithium lithium + oxide
Option C
D
lithium oxide lithium + oxygen
Option D
8

Which element has the lowest ionization energy?

Question illustration
A
argon (Ar)
B
bromine (Br)
C
cesium (Cs)
D
nickel (Ni)
9

What is the predicted order of first ionization energies from highest to lowest for lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), and rubidium (Rb)?

A
Rb > K > Na > Li
B
K > Rb > Na > Li
C
Li > Na > K > Rb
D
Rb > K > Li > Na
10

Which statement describes the valence electrons in metallic bonds?

A
They are shared equally between two atoms.
B
They are shared unequally between two atoms.
C
They are shared among many atoms.
D
They are transferred from one atom to another.
11

Which statement describes an extensive property of matter?

A
It changes with the color of a substance.
B
It changes when a new substance is formed.
C
It changes with the amount of sample that is present.
D
It changes with the composition of a substance.
12

Who reported four “element” classifications, but included some substances that were combinations of elements rather than true elements in his listing?

A
Henry Moseley
B
Dmitri Mendeleev
C
Antoine Lavoisier
D
Johann Dobereiner
13

Sodium combines with water to produce sodium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. Which word equation represents this violent reaction?

A
sodium hydroxide + water sodium + hydrogen
Option A
B
sodium + water sodium hydroxide + hydrogen
Option B
C
sodium + hydrogen sodium hydroxide + water
Option C
D
sodium + sodium hydroxide water + hydrogen
Option D
14

Which statement best describes how dynamic equilibrium relates to a saturated solution of sodium chloride?

A
The concentration of the dissolved particles remains constant.
B
No more solid dissolves in a saturated solution.
C
Each second, the amount of solid sodium chloride that dissolves equals the amount of solid sodium chloride that recrystallizes.
D
Each second, solid sodium chloride dissolves and solid sodium chloride recrystallizes.
15

A piece of sodium metal can be described as

A
a pure substance and a compound.
B
an impure substance that is reactive.
C
an impure substance that is unreactive.
D
a pure substance and an element.
16

Geckos and water striders rely on forces between molecules. Which statement best identifies the forces involved?

A
Geckos use covalent bonds to stick to glass.
B
The type of force that water striders use is stronger than the type of force that geckos use.
C
Water striders use London dispersion forces to walk on water.
D
The type of force that geckos use is attractive, and the type of force that water striders use is repulsive.
17

Consider the reaction pathway graph below.What is represented by D in the graph?

Question illustration
A
the activation energy
B
the enthalpy of the reaction
C
the energy of the products
D
the energy of the reactants
18

During an experiment, Jon exhales through a straw and blows bubbles into a solution. Which observation would most likely indicate that a chemical reaction is occurring?

A
The bubbles disappear into the solution before reaching the surface.
B
The gas forms a layer above the surface of the solution.
C
The solution becomes very stirred up by the bubbles.
D
The solution becomes cloudy with a white solid.
19

Which is a component of John Dalton’s atomic theory?

A
The ratio of atoms in a compound can vary.
B
The atoms of a single element differ.
C
An atom is a small particle that cannot be broken down.
D
Atoms of different elements can be identical.
20

Which is a set of valid quantum numbers?

A
n = 4, l = 4, m = 4
B
n = 1, l = –2, m = 0
C
n = –1, l = 0, m = 0
D
n = 4, l = 3, m = 3

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