AnswersTX-Chemistry B-Credit Recovery Summer SchoolCumulative Exam

Cumulative Exam — Cumulative exam Answers

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1
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An unknown substance turns methyl orange solution red. This shows that the substance

A
is a base.
B
is water.
C
is an acid.
D
is an alkaloid.
2
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Which quantity is held constant when working with Boyle’s, Charles’s, and Gay-Lussac’s laws?

A
volume
B
moles
C
pressure
D
temperature
3

A sample of octane (C8H18) that has a mass of 0.750 g is burned in a bomb calorimeter. As a result, the temperature of the calorimeter increases from 21.0°C to 41.0°C. The specific heat of the calorimeter is 1.50 J/(g • °C), and its mass is 1.00 kg. How much heat is released during the combustion of this sample?Use .

Question illustration
A
22.5 kJ
B
30.0 kJ
C
31.5 kJ
D
61.5 kJ
4

The diagrams show gases that are stored in two separate but similar containers.If both gases are at the same temperature, which one has the greater pressure?

Question illustration
A
gas 1 because the particles are moving much faster
B
gas 1 because it has fewer particles that are close together
C
gas 2 because it has more particles that are colliding
D
gas 2 because the particles have more space between them
5

The following equations are half reactions and reduction potentials. Ag+(aq) + e– Ag(s) has a reduction potential of +0.80 V. Cr3+(aq) + 3e– Cr(s) has a reduction potential of –0.74 V.Which statement best compares the substances in these half reactions?

Question illustration
A
A silver ion gains electrons more easily and is a stronger oxidizing agent than a chromium(III) ion.
B
A silver ion loses electrons more easily and is a stronger oxidizing agent than a chromium(III) ion.
C
A silver ion gains electrons more easily and is a stronger reducing agent than a chromium(III) ion.
D
A silver ion loses electrons more easily and is a stronger reducing agent than a chromium(III) ion.
6

A compound accepts electrons from another substance to form a covalent bond. Which term best describes this compound’s behavior?

A
Lewis acid
B
Arrhenius base
C
Bronsted-Lowry acid
D
Bronsted-Lowry base
7

Equations can be balanced by using the half-reaction method. Which step should be completed first when using this method?

A
inserting the coefficients
B
balancing the half reactions
C
identifying the half reactions
D
finding the oxidation states of atoms
8

Which law is described by saying that when the pressure of a gas in a sealed container is cut in half, the gas will double in volume at a steady temperature?

A
Boyle’s law
B
Charles’s law
C
Dalton’s law
D
Gay-Lussac’s law
9

Which radiation detection method creates visible trails that can show the direction of ionizing particles?

A
Geiger counter
B
scintillation counter
C
film badge
D
cloud chamber
10

Which of these equations correctly expresses the self-ionization of water?

A
Upper H subscript 2 upper O superscript plus upper H subscript 3 upper O superscript plus double-headed arrow upper H subscript 2 upper O plus upper O upper H superscript minus.
Option A
B
Upper H subscript 2 upper O plus upper H subscript 2 upper O double-headed arrow 2 upper O upper H superscript minus.
Option B
C
Upper H subscript 2 upper o plus upper H subscript 2 upper O double headed arrow 2 upper H subscript 3 upper O superscript plus.
Option C
D
Upper H subscript 2 upper O plus upper H subscript 2 upper O double-headed arrow upper H subscript 3 upper O superscript plus, plus upper O upper H superscript minus.
Option D
11

Which of these factors will cause a solid solute to dissolve faster?

A
increasing the air temperature
B
increasing the amount of solute
C
increasing the amount of solvent
D
increasing the surface area of solute
12

A gas has a temperature of 273.15 K and a pressure of 101.325 kPa. What can be concluded about the gas?

A
It has reached standard temperature and pressure.
B
The pressure needs to be increased to reach the standard pressure.
C
The temperature needs to be increased to reach the standard temperature.
D
Both the temperature and pressure need to be lowered to reach STP.
13

What is the Arrhenius definition of a base?

A
A substance that increases H3O+ concentration when it is dissolved in water.
B
A substance that increases OH– concentration when it is dissolved in water.
C
A compound that donates protons.
D
A compound that accepts protons.
14

A radioactive nuclide that is used for radiation therapy for cancer has 33 neutrons and a mass number of 60. Which is the correct symbol for this nuclide?

A
Superscript 27 subscript 60 upper C o.
Option A
B
Superscript 33 subscript 60 upper C o.
Option B
C
Superscript 60 subscript 33 upper C o.
Option C
D
Superscript 60 subscript 27 upper C o.
Option D
15

The pH of lemon juice at 298 K is found to be 2.32. What is the concentration of ions in the solution? Use .

Question illustration
A
1.05 times 10 to the negative 3 moles per liter.
Option A
B
4.79 times 10 to the negative 3 moles per liter.
Option B
C
2.09 times 10 squared moles per liter.
Option C
D
9.55 times 10 squared moles per liter.
Option D
16

Which defines the average kinetic energy of a system’s particles?

A
density
B
pressure
C
temperature
D
volume
17

Reactant P contains 50 J of energy, and reactant Q contains 35.3 J of energy. The reactants combine to form product PQ, which contains 104 J of energy. What is the energy transformation?

A
Energy is absorbed because the product has more energy than the reactants have.
B
Energy is absorbed because the product has less energy than the reactants have.
C
Energy is lost because the product has more energy than the reactants have.
D
Energy is lost because the product has less energy than the reactants have.
18

Which describes the polarity in a water molecule?

A
partial negative charge on the oxygen atom because its electrons are pulled toward the hydrogen atoms
B
partial negative charge on the oxygen atom because it pulls electrons from the hydrogen atoms
C
partial positive charge on the oxygen atom because it pulls electrons from the hydrogen atoms
D
partial positive charge on the oxygen atom because its electrons are pulled toward the hydrogen atoms
19

Which characteristic best identifies an Arrhenius base?

A
It must donate electrons to form a covalent bond.
B
It must accept protons from an acid.
C
It must generate hydroxide ions in water.
D
It must form a conjugate acid after reacting.
20

How does litmus paper identify a base?

A
A base turns red litmus blue.
B
A base turns blue litmus red.
C
A base turns orange litmus red.
D
A base turns yellow litmus blue.

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