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Cumulative Exam — Cumulative exam Answers

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Davahl is interested in tortoises because they can live for over a hundred years and have unique metabolisms. She wants to perform an experiment to see if they can live even longer with a specific nutrient supplement. Davahl is given a five-year research grant to perform her experiment.

A
time
B
ethics
C
money
D
technology
2
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Nio conducts a science experiment. He puts yeast into a bottle with water and sugar, and then caps the bottle with a balloon. He returns two hours later and notices there are bubbles on the surface of the mixture in the bottle and that the balloon has inflated, but there are no other apparent changes.

A
a non-chemical change, because there are no indicators of chemical changes taking place
B
a chemical change, because the mixture changed color
C
a chemical change, because a gas was produced
D
a non-chemical change, because the changes that occurred are reversible
3

This is how manganese appears in the periodic table.

Question illustration
A
period symbol of manganese
B
isotope symbol of manganese
C
group symbol of manganese
D
chemical symbol of manganese
4

How are mitochondria similar to chloroplasts?

A
Both have many layers of membranes.
B
Both contain molecules of chlorophyll.
C
Both are found in the cells of consumers.
D
Both are needed for cells to store energy.
5

Which property of physical changes explains why matter is conserved in a physical change?

A
The arrangements of particles do not change, and the bonds between atoms do not break.
B
Mass, not energy, changes in a physical change.
C
Energy and mass change in a physical change.
D
The bonds between atoms do not break; it is only the arrangement that changes.
6

How many atoms of each element are in the chemical formula NH4NO3?

A
1 nitrogen, 1 hydrogen, and 3 oxygen
B
1 nitrogen, 4 hydrogen, and 3 oxygen
C
2 nitrogen, 4 hydrogen, and 3 oxygen
D
5 nitrogen, 1 hydrogen, and 1 oxygen
7

Which best explains why a thick tropical forest filled with large plants typically has a lot of water vapor in the air?

A
The plants undergo transpiration.
B
The plants undergo condensation.
C
The plants prevent water from evaporating.
D
The plants prevent water from becoming runoff.
8

An atomic physicist determines that an atom is composed of 8 positively charged particles and has a mass of 15 amu. Which is the best conclusion that can be drawn?

A
The atom has 7 neutrons and 8 protons.
B
The atom has 7 electrons and 8 protons.
C
The atom has 8 neutrons and 7 electrons.
D
The atom has 8 electrons and 7 protons.
9

What does the chemical formula C3H6O2 tell about a molecule of the compound it represents?

A
It is made up of 3 atoms of 11 different elements.
B
It is made up of 11 atoms joined in a straight line.
C
It is made up of 11 total atoms of 3 different elements.
D
It is made up of 1 atom composed of 3 different elements.
10

Which regulating agency was put in place due to scientific information that showed the dangers of air pollution?

A
the FCC
B
the UNEP
C
the USDA
D
the EPA
11

Calcium, magnesium, and strontium are near each other on the periodic table and have some characteristics in common, but they differ in chemical reactivity. Which lists these metals in order from most reactive to least reactive?

A
calcium, magnesium, strontium
B
magnesium, calcium, strontium
C
strontium, calcium, magnesium
D
strontium, magnesium, calcium
12

What best describes the states of nonmetals when they are at room temperature?

A
Most nonmetals are gaseous, but some are liquid or solid.
B
All nonmetals are gaseous unless they bond with a metal.
C
Most nonmetals are solids, but some are gaseous or liquid.
D
All nonmetals are solid unless they bond with a metal.
13

Sonya is studying a nonmetal element. She learns that the element is like other elements in its group because it can bond to form a salt or an acid. She also learns that the element is the most reactive element in its group. Which element is Sonya most likely studying?

A
sulfur (S)
B
neon (Ne)
C
fluorine (F)
D
iodine (I)
14

Marco wants to investigate the chemical properties of sodium bicarbonate, or baking soda. He plans to carry out the tests below.Test 1: Mix a teaspoon of sodium bicarbonate into a cup of warm water to see if it dissolves.Test 2: Mix a teaspoon of sodium bicarbonate into a cup of vinegar to see if it fizzes.Test 3: Heat a teaspoon of sodium bicarbonate in the oven to see if its melting point is less than 400 degrees Fahrenheit.

O
Only Test 3 will indicate a chemical property of sodium bicarbonate. Tests 1 and 2 will show a physical property of the substance.
O
Only tests 1 and 2 will indicate chemical properties of sodium bicarbonate. Test 3 will show a physical property of the substance.
O
Only Test 2 will indicate a chemical property of sodium bicarbonate. Tests 1 and 3 will show a physical property of the substance.
O
Only tests 1 and 3 will indicate chemical properties of sodium bicarbonate. Test 2 will show a physical property of the substance.
15

Vincent graduated from college with a degree in horticulture and now owns a local plant nursery. He maintains a blog titled, "How to Live a Happy Life,” and writes that people can lead happier lives by varying the routes they usually take home from work.

A
This claim is scientific because it is based on Vincent’s personal experience.
B
This claim is scientific because other people have taken his advice and are now happier.
C
This claim may not be accurate because the blog is produced by someone who is not an expert in the field of human psychology.
D
This claim may not be accurate because most people follow the same route home.
16

How does a scientist use creativity?

A
by requiring evidence and thinking logically
B
by taking a closer look at the natural world
C
by asking questions about the natural world
D
by using prior knowledge to solve problems
17

Which type of reaction is Mg + S → MgS?

p
polymerization
s
synthesis
r
replacement
d
decomposition
18

Which statement describes the relationship between science and society?

A
Science is rarely influenced by the needs of society.
B
Science and society are independent.
C
Science and society have different goals.
D
Scientists find new ways to address societal concerns.
19

By which process does water vapor become a cloud?

A
evaporation
B
transpiration
C
condensation
D
precipitation
20

Sydney drew a flow chart to illustrate the nitrogen cycle.

Question illustration
X
X: Producers undergo photosynthesis.Y: Nitrogen compounds are released into the air.
X
X: Nitrogen compounds are released into the air.Y: Producers undergo photosynthesis.
X
X: Free nitrogen is in the atmosphere.Y: Producers absorb nitrogen compounds through their roots.
X
X: Producers absorb nitrogen compounds through their roots.Y: Free nitrogen is in the atmosphere.

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