Cumulative Exam — Cumulative exam Answers

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Which example is a short-term environmental change?

A
ice age
B
tsunami
C
global warming
D
large asteroid impact
2
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Which describes the two ways that energy is measured?

A
in convection and in temperature
B
in temperature and in radiation
C
in radiation and in convection
D
in wavelength and in temperature
3

What determines the length of a geologic time period?

A
fossil record
B
material density
C
meteors and rocks
D
radioactive materials
4

The image shows rock layers and magma under Earth's surface.

Question illustration
A
1
B
2
C
3
D
4
5

Which part of the shallow ocean descends sharply away from the continental shelf?

A
abyssal plain
B
mid-ocean ridge
C
transitional zone
D
continental slope
6

Which important event in Earth’s history occurred during the Jurassic period?

A
The first birds emerged on Earth.
B
Mammals were in search of food.
C
Animals with shells emerged on Earth
D
Treelike ferns first began to grow and populate.
7

Which process forms sedimentary rock in the rock cycle after sediments accumulate and combine?

A
Sediments undergo heat and pressure.
B
Sedimentary rock weathers and erodes.
C
Sediments compact and cement together.
D
Sedimentary rock experiences cooling and melting.
8

Which is a natural factor that causes long-term climate change?

A
Earth’s position
B
pollen grains
C
fossils
D
ice cores
9

Sara was caught in a thunderstorm while outdoors. She immediately makes sure that she is not near any tall structures or trees. What is Sara most likely trying to avoid?

A
being struck by lightning
B
being hit by thunder
C
being caught by falling hail
D
being carried away by strong winds
10

Which best explains how scientists confirmed that the moon formed around the same time as Earth?

A
Scientists determined the approximate age of fossils from the moon and Earth.
B
Scientists used radioactive dating to study the age of material from the moon and Earth.
C
Scientists explored the cycle of condensation and evaporation over time on the moon and Earth.
D
Scientists analyzed the content of gases that were part of the atmospheres on the moon and Earth.
11

Which organisms release carbon dioxide as waste?

A
consumers only
B
consumers and decomposers
C
producers and decomposers
D
producers only
12

What happens when the lithosphere interacts with the atmosphere?

A
Gases are released from volcanic eruptions.
B
Carbon dioxide is released during plant respiration.
C
Plants absorb sunlight and minerals during photosynthesis.
D
Oxygen gas is cycled as freshwater supplies are replenished.
13

Which event occurs after Earth’s surface experiences weathering?

A
Wind carries sediments to a new location.
B
Ice forms cracks in large rocks.
C
Moving water breaks sediments into pieces.
D
Surface materials wear down into sediment.
14

What must occur for air masses to form fronts?

A
They must increase in strength.
B
They must collide with each other.
C
They must move from west to east.
D
They must create air-pressure differences.
15

Which is one source of the sediments that form sedimentary rocks?

A
chunks of coal
B
particles in new rocks
C
liquid magma
D
materials dissolved in solutions
16

Which is one source that scientists use to reconstruct past climate conditions?

A
fossils frozen in glaciers
B
daily temperatures
C
the tilt of Earth’s axis
D
running water
17

Which correctly lists the three land uses that the Bureau of Land Management was originally created to manage?

A
mining, recreation, wildlife refuges
B
recreation, developing oil and gas, battlefields
C
grazing, mining, developing oil and gas
D
developing oil and gas, battlefields, wildlife refuges
18

Which is a possible consequence of decreasing air quality resulting from global warming?

A
drying out of fertile lands
B
flooding of low-lying coastal areas
C
melting of glaciers and polar ice caps
D
decrease in population due to health threats
19

A scientist observes a geyser erupting. Which two objects must be interacting beneath the surface?

A
well and spring
B
spring and magma
C
magma and groundwater
D
groundwater and unsaturated zone
20

Which correctly lists three factors that are important to consider when forecasting weather?

A
clouds, isotherm, butterfly effect
B
isotherm, air pressure, temperature
C
air pressure, temperature, clouds
D
temperature, clouds, isotherm

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