Answers2026-2027_MDCPS_2003345_Chemistry_1_B-CRLab: Measuring pH

Lab: Measuring pH — Cumulative exam Answers

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An ice cube is dropped into a glass of milk at 20°C. Which statement explains the transfer of kinetic energy (KE)?

A
Because milk has higher KE than ice, KE is transferred from the milk to the molecules of ice.
B
Because milk has higher KE than ice, KE is transferred from the molecules of ice to the milk.
C
Because ice has higher KE than milk, KE is transferred from the milk to the molecules of ice.
D
Because ice has higher KE than milk, KE is transferred from the molecules of ice to the milk.
2
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What is a three-dimensional structure that represents the alternating pattern of particles in a crystal?

A
a polyatomic ion
B
a crystal lattice
C
a covalent bond
D
a formula unit
3

Who reported four “element” classifications, but included some substances that were combinations of elements rather than true elements in his listing?

A
Henry Moseley
B
Dmitri Mendeleev
C
Antoine Lavoisier
D
Johann Dobereiner
4

Which is an example of a nonaqueous solution?

A
gasoline
B
fog
C
mayonnaise
D
fruit juice
5

Which characteristic best identifies an Arrhenius base?

A
It must donate electrons to form a covalent bond.
B
It must accept protons from an acid.
C
It must generate hydroxide ions in water.
D
It must form a conjugate acid after reacting.
6

Which factor influences both solubility and the rate of dissolution?

A
pressure
B
temperature
C
particle size
D
nature of solvent
7

How does an increase in reactant concentration affect the rate of reaction?

A
It leads to more frequent collisions, which increase reaction rate.
B
It leads to less frequent collisions, which increase reaction rate.
C
It leads to more frequent collisions, which decrease reaction rate.
D
It leads to less frequent collisions, which decrease reaction rate.
8

Which statement best explains the change that occurs when gas particles move more slowly?

A
The temperature increases because the average kinetic energy decreases.
B
The temperature increases because the average kinetic energy increases.
C
The temperature decreases because the average kinetic energy decreases.
D
The temperature decreases because the average kinetic energy increases.
9

A book is falling from the top shelf of a bookcase. Which statement correctly describes the change in the energy of the book?

A
The potential energy and kinetic energy remain the same.
B
The potential energy decreases as kinetic energy increases.
C
The kinetic energy decreases as potential energy increases.
D
The kinetic energy remains at zero, but potential energy increases.
10

Which best describes why NH4+ can form an ionic bond with Cl–?

A
Its outermost shell gains one or more electrons from Cl–.
B
Its positive charge is attracted to the negative charge of Cl–.
C
It has a negative charge that is spread over the entire ion.
D
It has a nitrogen atom that is strongly attracted to Cl–.
11

Consider the following intermediate chemical equations.What is the enthalpy of the overall chemical reaction ?

Question illustration
A
-4,580 kJ
B
-1,300 kJ
C
1,300 kJ
D
4,580 kJ
12

Four different solutions (I, II, III, and IV) are labeled on the pH scale below.Why would solution IV be considered the most concentrated base out of the four substances?

Question illustration
A
It has the highest concentration of hydrogen ions.
B
It has the highest concentration of hydronium ions.
C
It has the highest concentration of oxide ions.
D
It has the highest concentration of hydroxide ions.
13

Which statement accurately describes part of the dissolving process of a polar solute in water?

A
Solute molecules repel water molecules.
B
Water molecules surround solute molecules.
C
Water molecules are strongly attracted to nonpolar substances.
D
Solute molecules remain concentrated in one part of the solvent.
14

Which defines the average kinetic energy of a system’s particles?

A
density
B
pressure
C
temperature
D
volume
15

What is the predicted order of first ionization energies from highest to lowest for lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K), and rubidium (Rb)?

A
Rb > K > Na > Li
B
K > Rb > Na > Li
C
Li > Na > K > Rb
D
Rb > K > Li > Na
16

What is the Arrhenius definition of a base?

A
A substance that increases H3O+ concentration when it is dissolved in water.
B
A substance that increases OH– concentration when it is dissolved in water.
C
A compound that donates protons.
D
A compound that accepts protons.
17

Digby wants to determine how many calories are in his bag of chips. Which calorimeter should he use?

A
coffee cup calorimeter
B
bomb calorimeter
C
He could use both types of calorimeters.
D
He cannot use either.
18

Which element would most likely have chemical properties similar to that of magnesium (Mg)?

A
Ar
B
Ca
C
F
D
Ni
19

Which shows the electron configuration for Silicon (Si)?

A
[Ar]4s23d104p4
B
[Ar]3d14s2
C
[Ne]3s23p4
D
[Ne]3s23p2
20

A solution contains 90 mL of methanol, 18 mL of propanol, and 2 mL of diethyl ether. Which is the solvent in this solution?

A
methanol
B
propanol
C
diethyl ether
D
water

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