Lab: Ecological Succession — Cumulative exam Answers

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1
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Which kingdom(s) include both unicellular and multicellular organisms?

A
Plantae and Archaebacteria
B
Fungi
C
Eubacteria
D
Animalia and Plantae
2
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The graph shows the changing levels of hormones during menstruation and ovulation. Which hormone has the most influence on preparing the body for pregnancy?

Question illustration
A
Luteinizing hormone promotes fertility because it spikes the most during ovulation.
B
Estradiol promotes fertility because it peaks slightly before ovulation.
C
Progesterone promotes fertility because its levels rise during ovulation and immediately after.
D
Follicle-stimulating hormone promotes fertility because it is released mostly during ovulation.
3

A relationship in which one organism benefits while the other is neither harmed nor helped is called

A
predation.
B
parasitism.
C
commensalism.
D
mutualism.
4

Why do a chicken embryo and a cow embryo look very similar even though the adults do not?

A
They are not related, but still have similar development.
B
They are distantly related, so their development is similar.
C
The embryos mutate in utero to form different structures.
D
The genetic makeup of the two species changes during development.
5

Changes in the gene pool can occur due to various mechanisms. In 1989, a large oil spill occurred in Prince William Sound, Alaska, when the Exxon Valdez oil tanker ran aground. Approximately 11 million gallons of oil were spilled and spread 1,300 miles along the Alaskan coastline. The damage from the oil spill affected thousands of animals in the area, including killer whales, harbor seals, sea otters, fish, and sea birds. Which mechanism most likely affected the gene pools of the organism populations in the areas around the oil spill?

A
genetic drift
B
gene flow
C
gene mutation
D
genetic variation
6

Which actions are involved in the immune response?

A
regulating hormonal and autonomous responses
B
identifying and destroying harmful substances
C
increasing and supporting the ability of red blood cells to carry oxygen
D
regulating and adjusting the skin's secretion of sweat and oil
7

It can be seen on a cladogram that modern birds and reptiles share a common ancestor. Select the piece of evidence that best supports this idea.

A
Reptiles are also related to mammals.
B
Birds have evolved into many groups.
C
Feathers are a derived characteristic that first evolved in reptiles.
D
Birds have the derived characteristic of being warm blooded, like mammals.
8

In rock layers, jellyfish fossils are found lower than trilobite fossils, and trilobite fossils are found lower than ammonite fossils. What can be determined from this information?

A
Trilobites existed before jellyfish and ammonites.
B
Jellyfish existed before trilobites and ammonites.
C
Ammonites existed before trilobites and jellyfish.
D
Jellyfish, trilobites, and ammonites lived together.
9

sugarurinebloodsaliva

A
sugar
B
urine
C
blood
D
saliva
10

Consider the diagram of the basic structure of bacteria.Which of the labeled structures in the diagram allows bacteria to infect organisms under harsh conditions, such as in the acidic stomach?

Question illustration
A
A
B
B
C
C
D
D
11

The body obtains sugar from food. Which system most directly affects blood sugar levels?

A
respiratory
B
muscular
C
circulatory
D
digestive
12

Which organisms release carbon dioxide as waste?

A
consumers only
B
consumers and decomposers
C
producers and decomposers
D
producers only
13

These statements compare and contrast Ascomycota and Basidiomycota.I. Some species in both groups can cause plant diseases.II. Species from both groups can be used in making bread rise.III. All species in both groups can be used as food.IV. Ascomycota produce spores in a sac-like structure; Basidiomycota produce spores in a club-shaped structure. Which of the statements are true?

A
II and III
B
III and IV
C
I and IV
D
II and IV
14

In the heart, one ventricle pushes blood with oxygen to the cells of the body. Where does the other ventricle push the blood without oxygen?

A
to the cells
B
to the tissues
C
to the lungs
D
to the heart
15

Which best explains why a thick tropical forest filled with large plants typically has a lot of water vapor in the air?

A
The plants undergo transpiration.
B
The plants undergo condensation.
C
The plants prevent water from evaporating.
D
The plants prevent water from becoming runoff.
16

The picture represents gas exchange in the alveoli. Observe what is happening at location X.

Question illustration
A
It will move out of the body.
B
It will enter the blood.
C
It will be carried to cells.
D
It will undergo respiration.
17

How could the loss of biodiversity affect humans?

A
It may cause an increase in the human population as competition is reduced.
B
It may lead to the loss of potential medicines, foods, and products.
C
It could lead to a decrease in infectious and other diseases that affect humans.
D
It could cause a decrease in the amount of pollutants on the planet.
18

The diagram illustrates the water cycle.

Question illustration
A
U
B
W
C
X
D
Y
19

When calcium levels in the blood are too low, the body releases a hormone that removes calcium from the bones. A person who suffers from a certain type of thyroid disease will often have low blood calcium and brittle bones because the body is taking the calcium from the bones. The afflicted person will typically see an endocrinologist, who studies hormones, and an orthopedist, who studies bones. What do these two doctors have in common?

A
They both focus on hormone levels.
B
They both focus on bone density.
C
They both focus on calcium levels.
D
They both focus on the thyroid.
20

A commercial on television advertises a new medicine that claims to boost immunity. You want to verify that the claim is scientifically based. Which source is least likely to provide you with accurate information about this new medicine?

A
a magazine about entertainment and lifestyle trends
B
the studies that the television ad cites
C
a brochure from the doctor’s office
D
the website of the governmental agency that tests health products

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