AnswersSS4 PGCPS EARTH SPACE OC SUMMER 2027 - 794243Structure and Composition of the Atmosphere

Structure and Composition of the Atmosphere — Cumulative exam Answers

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During the entire month of June, temperatures increase in the Northern Hemisphere and decrease in the Southern Hemisphere.What causes these temperature changes?

A
The Sun reaches its lowest point in the sky.
B
The Sun reaches its highest point in the sky.
C
The north end of Earth’s axis is tilted toward the Sun.
D
The south end of Earth’s axis is tilted toward the Sun.
2
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What occurs when the Northern Hemisphere experiences spring and the Southern Hemisphere experiences fall?

A
The Sun is directly overhead in the Northern Hemisphere.
B
The Southern Hemisphere receives more direct rays from the Sun.
C
The Northern and Southern Hemispheres get the same amount of energy from the Sun.
D
The Northern Hemisphere receives more daylight hours than the Southern Hemisphere.
3

Which statement describes the impact of ocean currents on climate?

A
Ocean currents create changes in the temperature of air over land masses.
B
Ocean currents cause the temperature of air over large bodies of water to change.
C
Ocean currents move cold water from the equator to the poles, creating cool weather regions.
D
Ocean currents carry warm water from the poles to the equator to create warm weather regions.
4

Why does a coastal area have less variation in temperature than a noncoastal area?

A
Temperatures feel cool all year round due to the duration of daylight.
B
Temperatures change from warm to cool depending on the season.
C
The temperatures on land change more rapidly than temperatures on water.
D
The air is warm because warm water moves from the equator to the poles.
5

During which two months do both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres receive the same amount of energy from the Sun?

A
December and June
B
January and July
C
March and September
D
May and November
6

Riley lives near a polar zone, where it is cold. He visits his friend Thalia, who lives in a tropical zone, where it is warm all year. They live at similar elevations, and neither lives in a coastal area.What causes the differences in climate where Riley and Thalia live?

A
altitude
B
latitude
C
ocean currents
D
a large body of water
7

Why are temperatures more moderate around the fall and spring equinoxes?

A
The angle at which Earth’s axis tilts changes.
B
Neither end of Earth’s axis is tilted toward the Sun.
C
The north end of Earth’s axis is tilted toward the Sun.
D
The Earth briefly wobbles on its axis.
8

What causes the cycle of seasons on Earth?

A
the tilt of Earth’s axis
B
the shape of Earth’s orbit
C
the direction of Earth’s orbit
D
the distance between Earth and the Sun
9

Which describes a way that prevailing winds control precipitation totals in a region?

A
They cause oceanic winds to carry water vapor.
B
They force cool, moist air from oceans to rise as it moves toward land.
C
They increase the occurrence of droughts in the winter.
D
They reduce rainfall on the leeward side of a mountain.
10

What happens during the fall in September?

A
The Sun is at its highest point in the sky.
B
The northern end of Earth’s axis is tilted toward the Sun.
C
The Northern Hemisphere receives minimal daylight hours.
D
The Sun’s rays are not as concentrated as in summer.
11

Which describes how prevailing winds affect precipitation in a region?

A
Prevailing winds force cool, moist air from oceans to rise.
B
Prevailing winds blow in the opposite direction as normal winds.
C
Prevailing winds cause huge air masses, both warm and cool, to move.
D
Prevailing winds that move over land usually cause the most precipitation.
12

Which accurately describes one way that coastal mountains affect a region’s climate?

A
They determine the way that large masses of cool, dry air move over land.
B
They control the amount of water vapor present in cool, dry air masses.
C
They decrease precipitation on the windward sides of mountain ranges.
D
They force cool, moist air from oceans to rise as it moves toward land.
13

Which statement describes the weather and climate in a tropical region?

A
The angle of the Sun’s rays affects daylight hours, creating warm temperatures all year.
B
The temperature is different in summer and winter because the region is at a high elevation.
C
The angle of the Sun’s rays controls the amount of precipitation experienced in the region.
D
Rain in the summer and drought in the winter occur because the region is at a high elevation.
14

Which statement describes the influence of latitude on temperature?

A
Latitude determines the duration of daylight.
B
Latitude prevents extreme heat and cold in coastal regions.
C
Latitude causes areas to experience cooler air at high elevations.
D
Latitude influences the movement of warm and cool air over land.
15

What indicates that an area in the Northern Hemisphere is experiencing summer?

A
The Sun is at its lowest point in the sky.
B
The north end of Earth is tilted toward the sun.
C
The Northern Hemisphere receives fewer direct rays from the Sun.
D
The northern end of Earth’s axis is tilted away from the Sun.
16

Which statement best describes how the distance from a large river affects an area’s climate in the summer?

A
Regions far from rivers experience less variation in air temperatures.
B
Regions far from rivers have land surfaces that remain cool during the entire season.
C
Regions near rivers have water surfaces that rapidly change in temperature from cold to hot.
D
Regions near rivers experience winds from the water that prevent extreme temperature changes.
17

How does latitude affect climate?

A
Latitude controls the angle of tilt for Earth’s axis.
B
Latitude determines the duration of daylight hours.
C
Latitude causes air temperatures to remain cool at higher elevations.
D
Latitude causes ocean currents to move in a certain direction.
18

Which season occurs in the Northern Hemisphere when the Sun is at its lowest point in the sky?

A
fall
B
spring
C
summer
D
winter
19

Which statement describes solstices?

A
They occur when the Sun reaches its highest or lowest point in the sky.
B
They affect the amount of sunlight in the Southern Hemisphere in May.
C
They contribute to the cycling of winters all year long in the Northern Hemisphere.
D
They increase the amount of rays from the Sun directly received in the Southern Hemisphere.
20

What happens when the south end of Earth’s axis is tilted toward the Sun?

A
The Northern Hemisphere experiences fall.
B
The Northern Hemisphere experiences spring.
C
The Southern Hemisphere experiences winter.
D
The Southern Hemisphere experiences summer.

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