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Cultural and Intellectual Trends — Cumulative exam Answers

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1
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Most socialists believe that the best way to improve society is to

A
outlaw political parties and ban elections.
B
allow businesses and individuals to follow their own best interests.
C
insist that the government protects the interests of workers and consumers.
D
allow businesses to follow the principles of cooperation and sharing.
2
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Emperor Guangxu instituted sweeping reforms to modernize the government and the economy, and as a result

A
Empress Cixi had him arrested.
B
Empress Cixi supported him.
C
China surged forward economically.
D
China’s people supported him.
3

This political cartoon appeared in an American newspaper in 1921."Let's see you collect it," New York World (1921)"

Question illustration
A
disapproval, because Germany is refusing to pay its war debts
B
approval, because Germany is eager and willing to pay its war debts
C
sympathy, because Germany has a large debt that will be difficult to pay
D
hostility, because Germany started the war and caused great destruction
4

The map shows the French Empire in 1812.Which best describes Napoleon’s empire in 1812?

Question illustration
A
The empire was allied with weak forces.
B
The empire controlled a large part of Europe.
C
The empire had little access to ports.
D
The empire was too large to successfully rule.
5

Which most likely explains why the British Parliament decided to pass the Reform Act of 1832?

A
Parliament was facing pressure from landowners for equal representation in government.
B
Parliament was facing pressure from workers for equal representation in government.
C
Parliament wanted to follow the lead of other countries and allow all citizens to vote.
D
Parliament favored a significant increase in the number of citizens who could vote.
6

What was one change established by the British raj in India?

A
The British raj wrote reports to investors about trading profits.
B
The British raj built a private army made up of Indian soldiers.
C
The British raj created a civil-service system to rule the country.
D
The British raj set up a bribery system to keep local leaders in line.
7

Why is communism often referred to as Marxism?

A
because Marx established the first industrial factory system.
B
because Karl Marx was a central developer of its core ideas.
C
because Marx opposed socialism and defended capitalism.
D
because Marx led a successful revolution in Germany.
8

What happened to skilled workers during the Industrial Revolution?

A
They became more valuable to entrepreneurs.
B
They had to be retrained to operate machines.
C
They went to work in factories at high salaries.
D
They were replaced by unskilled workers.
9

Why was the League of Nations created?

A
to spread democracy around the world
B
to maintain world peace
C
to dismantle all foreign colonies
D
to establish a world government
10

The single greatest benefit that capitalism provides is that it enables human choice. Capitalism establishes a social contract that makes it possible for individuals to exercise their franchise and free agency. It gives people the ability to be secure in themselves and their possessions and, having provided security, it enables people to assume risk that they were previously unwilling to assume. It creates the necessary conditions for people to escape poverty and create wealth for themselves and for others.

A
allows the government to help individuals.
B
protects workers from unfair practices.
C
provides individuals with freedom of choice.
D
helps entrepreneurs avoid risk and danger.
11

Toussaint L’Ouverture issued a constitution to ensure that

A
Haiti would never rejoin the French republic.
B
Haiti would rejoin the French republic.
C
officials would be elected.
D
slavery would be abolished.
12

[BLANK]

A
triangular trade
B
Middle Passage
C
Columbian Exchange
D
abolitionist movements
13

The British East India Company had taken over India by

A
the 1550s.
B
the 1650s
C
the 1750s.
D
the 1850s.
14

Which changes were part of the League of Nation’s mandate system? Check all that apply.

A
Turkey was granted independence.
B
Saudi Arabia was put under British control.
C
Iraq was granted independence.
D
Syria was placed under French control.
E
Egypt was placed under Spanish control.
15

Which best describes how industrialization changed the American economy?

A
Industrialization moved the economy away from agriculture.
B
Industrialization eliminated the need for imported goods.
C
Industrialization created an export market for American goods.
D
Industrialization created new domestic markets.
16

How did the Industrial Revolution change the role of workers? Select three options.

A
Workers made products in large factories.
B
Workers had to become highly skilled.
C
Workers used machines for repetitive tasks.
D
Workers made products on a large scale.
E
Workers earned considerably more money.
F
Workers made products out of their homes.
17

How did President Roosevelt’s “big stick” policy affect the construction of the Panama Canal?

A
The United States helped Panama declare independence from Colombia, then negotiated for the canal.
B
The United States helped Colombia declare independence from Panama, then negotiated for the canal.
C
The United States used military force to annex Panama, then demanded that the canal be built.
D
The United States used economic sanctions to hurt Panama, then demanded that the canal be built.
18

The map shows sea travel from coast to coast in the 1800s.

Question illustration
A
The US intended to annex additional foreign territories in the area.
B
The US wanted a more-efficient way to move troops into Central America.
C
The US sought a direct route to get supplies to South America’s mainland.
D
The US needed an easier and faster way to get goods from coast to coast.
19

The map shows British India.What does this map of British India in 1860 show?

Question illustration
A
provinces ruled by East India Company and trading states
B
provinces ruled by East India Company and manufacturing states
C
provinces ruled by the British raj and states controlled by Indian monarchs
D
provinces ruled by sepoys and states controlled by Mughal empire
20

In Mesoamerican civilizations, enslaved persons were often

A
transported from other continents.
B
enslaved as punishment for crimes.
C
enslaved because of their race.
D
required to pledge loyalty to a leader.

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