Cumulative Exam Answers

Read the excerpt from Chapter 4 of Wheels of Change.Jane Yatman never challenged Jane Lindsay’s 800-mile record. Instead, she found a new venue for her long-distance cycling. In 1900, she rode from New York to Chicago—approximately 1,050 miles—in 254 hours and 40 minutes.

Read this excerpt from Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change by Sue Macy.The crash caused his horses to run away, Hough said, flipping over the buggy and killing one of the animals. "I consider the bicycle to be the most dangerous thing to life and property ever invented," exclaimed Hough, who suffered a broken arm and finger in the accident. "The gentlest of horses are afraid of it." In the end, the judge upheld the right of New York's parks commissioners to ban bicycles and fined the cyclists five dollars each. Pope was not alone in his determination to fight for the rights of American cyclists. In the spring of 1880, he had joined author Charles Pratt and others in forming the League of American Wheelmen ("the L.A.W."), an organization that pledged to "promote the general interests of bicycling, to ascertain, defend, and protect the rights of wheelmen, and to encourage and facilitate touring."

Read the excerpt from Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change.In less than a decade, the growing bicycle craze created one of the largest industries in the country. In 1885, the heyday of the ordinary, there were only six cycle manufacturers in the United States, with a total annual output of 11,000 bicycles. Five years later, with the safety now available, there were 17 manufacturers, and they produced 40,000 bicycles.

Kwami is giving an oral presentation about why testing cosmetics on animals is wrong. He provides charts showing the harm done to test subjects, and he gives a bulleted list about alternative methods of testing. Then, he plays a clip from an interview with a scientist who has done extensive research on the issue. Throughout the presentation, Kwami speaks at a steady pace while staying very still with his hands at his sides. He barely looks at his notes. After the presentation, Kwami takes questions from the audience.

Which details from Chapter 3 of Wheels of Change does the image help the reader better understand? Check all that apply.

how a bicyle is madethe bicyle industrypatents for bicyclesinnovations in bicycles

What solution does Pope provide for the new American bicycle industry in Chapter 1 of Wheels of Change by Sue Macy?

Read the excerpt from "A History of Voting Rights.”In 1870, the Fifteenth Amendment to the Constitution became law. The amendment established that the right of citizens of the United States to vote could not be denied by the United States or by any state on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

Which details are essential to an objective summary of this excerpt? Check all that apply.

Read the excerpt from "A History of Voting Rights”It was not until 1924, with the passage of the Indian Citizenship Act, that most American Indians were guaranteed the right to vote. Even then, some state regulations did not allow certain American Indians to vote.

Based on "A History of Voting Rights,” what prompted Elizabeth Cady Stanton to help organize the first women’s rights convention in Seneca Falls?

Which best describes the author’s purpose in "A History of Voting Rights”?

Read the excerpt from "A History of Voting Rights.”Since the passage of the constitutional amendments, women and African American leaders have continued to struggle for the rights of their constituents. This has meant seeking greater access to elected office as well as reducing obstacles to voting that still exist.

Read the excerpt from "Climate Change: An Overview.”Roger Revelle, an American oceanographer, wrote, "Human beings are now carrying out a large-scale geophysical experiment." Scientific consensus grew around the theory of global warming, and the first United Nations environment conference was held in 1972.

Read the excerpt from "Climate Change: An Overview.”By the early twentieth century, carbon emissions from fossil-fuel burning reached 1 billion tons a year. Automobiles, airplanes, and domestic and agricultural energy demands all contributed to the rising trend. In the 1950s, scientists used a new generation of equipment to confirm that carbon-dioxide concentrations were doubling and that this would have the effect of increased temperatures.

Based on "Climate Change: An Overview,” what are the effects of global climate change? Check all that apply.increasing temperatures in the Arcticmore-frequent forest firesextinction of different plant speciesextensive deforestationincreasing use of fossil fuelsrising sea levels

Read the excerpt from "Climate Change: An Overview.”Today, ninety-seven percent of climate experts agree that humans are causing climate change. No scientific body of international or national standing dissents from this view. (A few maintain a non-committal position.) That is not to say that the research is universally accepted. As long as scientists have been positing that human emissions of greenhouse gases are heating up the planet, others have denied their arguments.

Which best describes the author’s overall purpose in "Climate Change: An Overview”?

Which best describes the language of "Climate Change: An Overview”?

Read the excerpt from "Climate Change: An Overview.”One skeptic has often railed against "this whole global warming hoax," pointing to brutal winters in recent years as evidence. Neil Kagan, senior counsel for the National Wildlife Federation, mused that in no other area would journalists be covering so much of the minority viewpoint.

Read the excerpt from "Climate Change: An Overview.”By the early twentieth century, carbon emissions from fossil-fuel burning reached 1 billion tons a year. Automobiles, airplanes, and domestic and agricultural energy demands all contributed to the rising trend. In the 1950s, scientists used a new generation of equipment to confirm that carbon-dioxide concentrations were doubling and that this would have the effect of increased temperatures.

Why are the ingredients most likely listed before the instructions in the biscuit recipes?

This footnote is presented below the cinnamon-coconut biscuit ingredients list in biscuit recipes.*This can be found in the refrigerated foods section of most health food stores. Look for a ten-ounce container to make measuring easier.

Look at the photograph and read the caption.Caption: Some spread honey on their traditional Southern biscuits.

In both biscuit recipes, why does the author begin the instructions with "Preheat oven to 450 degrees”?