Cumulative Exam Answers

Which of the following statements provides the best summary of the global impact of industries on the environment during the past century? A. Industrial impact on the environment has grown without restriction. B. Industrial impact on the environment has decreased steadily since the London Fog of 1952. C. Industrial impact on the environment has grown, and so have regulations limiting that impact. D. Industrial impact on the environment increased between 1910 and 1970, and has declined since then. Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

Ecosystems are in danger from all of the following except __________. A. increased thermal pollution B. decreased eutrophication C. increased air pollution D. oil spills Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

How are MNCs and the WTO similar? A. They influence the world economy. B. They are run by the government. C. They are based out of the United States. D. They work on education and health care improvements. Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

Typical workplace conditions faced by factory workers in the 1800s included all of the following except __________. A. 12-hour work days B. few safety features or considerations C. the right to a few days of sick leave each year D. little job security due to a large labor force Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

The International Labor Organization (ILO) is a global body responsible for __________. A. setting basic labor standards B. finding jobs for people in developing countries C. helping unions and employers settle disagreements D. creating college courses on the history of labor movements Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

If Honduras wanted to trade goods with China, how would they negotiate the treaty? A. through the WTO B. at a meeting of business executives C. through representatives elected from each country D. through a multinational corporation Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

In which of the following scenarios would the WTO be criticized? A. Less-expensive goods promote consumer well-being. B. BMW of Germany can sell its cars in the United States. C. Japanese car manufacturing boosts the nation’s economy. D. A Japanese textile company purchases US cotton instead of Kenyan cotton. Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

Which of the following is not a way in which MNCs typically promote economic growth within a host country? A. They create jobs. B. They always provide retirement and other benefits. C. They often provide training to local workers for increased productivity and efficiency. D. They often provide higher wages to their employees than domestic firms in the host country. Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

Which resources are significantly polluted by heavy metals like mercury? A. soil B. water C. neither A nor B D. both A and B Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

Which of the following statements about forced labor is false? A. Women and children are the most vulnerable to this type of coercion. B. Sexual exploitation is the most common type of forced labor. C. Forced labor typically is seen only in countries in the developing world. D. Countermeasures include poverty reduction programs and more stringent monitoring. Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

Providing financial assistance for smaller nations’ economic negotiating teams and increasing the bargaining powers of these nations __________. A. is one way MNCs force smaller economies to allow international investments B. increases the influence of external economies C. is a method that core economies have used to increase their market share D. is one strategy the WTO has used to deflect criticism of its policies Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

Worldwide, the largest group of people facing workplace discrimination are __________. A. sweatshop workers B. women C. people older than 50 D. children Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

The first federal minimum wage was established in _____. A. 1948 B. 1938 C. 1928 D. 1908 Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

The US labor movement began in the _____. A. 1930s B. 1920s C. 1880s D. 1860s Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

Which of the following nations or regions does not dominate the global marketplace? A. the United States B. Japan C. South Asia D. Western Europe Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

How did the Cuyahoga River influence the US environmental movement? A. The Cuyahoga River Cleanup Project was the first successful attempt to clean up the nation's waterways. B. The Cuyahoga River was the first national waterway to receive federal funding from the environmental superfund. C. A floating pile of oil-soaked logs in the Cuyahoga River caught fire, and the resulting media attention led to the first Earth Day. D. A rare species of snail that lived only in the Cuyahoga River was discovered, and concern over its survival led to the Endangered Species Act. Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

Since the 1970s, many nations have entered into treaties to control the occurrence of acid rain, the thinning of the ozone layer, and the dumping of toxic waste into oceans. Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

When tricked into unfair agreements whereby their labor will be used to repay loans, people are said to be in __________. A. a labor union B. a poverty reduction program C. long-term employment D. debt bondage Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

Which of the following statements provides the best analysis of what happens to freshwater lakes that are polluted by nitrates and phosphates? A. Nitrates and phosphates are lethal to fish populations. B. Nitrates and phosphates promote algae bloom, increasing bacteria in the water, which use oxygen needed by marine life. C. Nitrates and phosphates increase the acidity of the water, promoting the growth of some fish populations and the decrease of others. D. Nitrates and phosphates have no effect on the fish population, but they limit plant growth by filtering the light they require to thrive. Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

Which of the following professions is most similar to an MNC? A. a classroom teacher who informs students of new information B. a manager of a local business that provides goods and services to the immediate community C. a traveling salesperson with business offices in different cities and countries D. a homemaker who organizes the home for his/her family Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

How many children are working around the world today, according to the ILO? A. 215,000 B. 2.15 million C. 21.5 million D. 215 million Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

How are humans most at risk by toxic dumping into oceans and other waterways? A. They have a higher risk of breathing in pollutants. B. They have an increased risk of ingesting contaminated water and seafood. C. They have a decreased risk of getting certain cancers. D. They likely will suffer a loss of employment due to companies being forced out of business by government regulators. Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

Which four principles does the United Nations Global Compact for multinational corporations address? A. the distribution of power, tariffs, trade barriers, and negotiation B. human rights, labor standards, the environment, and anti-corruption C. sanctions, compensation, the environment, and human rights D. tariffs, trade standards, the environment, and compensation Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

According to estimates, the majority of child laborers work __________. A. in agriculture, mainly on family farms B. as domestic servants C. in sweatshops D. as street vendors Please select the best answer from the choices provided.

Those who believe that sweatshops should not be closed down point out that __________. A. strong labor laws are hard to enforce B. people often waste much of their money if their wages are increased C. child labor in sweatshops may be acceptable under certain conditions D. people work in sweatshops because it is their best alternative Please select the best answer from the choices provided.