Answers SY2025-26 - 2002070 MJ Comprehensive Science 2 Sem 1 CRUnit Test

Unit Test Answers

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Which human-induced change results in increased competition caused by an initial increase in the number of organisms in a habitat?

non-sustainable harvesting

nonnative species introduction

ozone layer depletion

mass extinction

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Which statement describes the current theory about the relationship between the human population and mass extinction?

The human population is increasing, so the likelihood of a mass extinction is also increasing.

The human population is increasing, so the likelihood of a mass extinction is decreasing.

The human population is decreasing, so the likelihood of a mass extinction is also decreasing.

The human population is decreasing, so the likelihood of a mass extinction is increasing.

Why is urbanization contributing to pollution?

People in urban areas strip the soil of nutrients and make it difficult to grow crops.

People in urban areas consume more energy, food, and water.

People in urban areas remove minerals and metals from the ground, which increases erosion.

People in urban areas log forests and mine, which causes climate change.

Which correctly lists three greenhouse gases?

oxygen, carbon dioxide, helium

carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane

helium, methane, oxygen

methane, oxygen, carbon dioxide

Which environmental policy must consider the expensive startup costs associated with building machines that harvest energy from clean sources?

reducing air pollution

regulating deforestation

introducing new farming methods

protecting ocean reefs

How does La Niña affect the climate of the Pacific Ocean?

The ocean becomes cooler.

The warm water moves toward the east.

The cold water sinks deeper into the ocean.

The strength of the prevailing winds decreases.

The image illustrates a human-induced environmental change.

pollution

wildlife hazard

eutrophication

non-sustainable harvesting

In the 1980s laws were passed to reduce the amount of certain chemicals used by companies and individuals. According to these laws, the use of chlorofluorocarbons, or CFCs, should be reduced and eventually eliminated. These compounds contain chlorine and cause problems when released into the Earth’s atmosphere.

nonnative species introduction

non-sustainable harvesting

ozone layer depletion

eutrophication

Which best explains the effect of reforestation on land?

It allows crops to grow in wide steps along slopes.

It turns land slowly into desert.

It turns habitable land uninhabitable.

It restores trees to areas where they once grew.

Which substance is a greenhouse gas that is emitted by human activities, is the most widespread, and remains in the air the longest?

water vapor

methane

fluorinated gas

carbon dioxide

Which factors are causes of short-term climate change?

changes in wind and ocean currents

an increase of thunderstorms and rain

changes in daily wind shifts and snowfall

an increase of hurricanes and volcanic eruptions

Which statement explains how smog forms?

Volcanoes erupt and release ash into the sky.

Strong storms pick up soil and mix it with fog.

Sunlight and heat react with gases in the atmosphere.

Gases move high into the atmosphere and then fall to Earth in rain.

How does the construction of dams positively affect natural resources?

by providing water for irrigation and restoring trees to areas where forests once existed

by creating reservoirs, preventing flooding, and renewing destroyed ecosystems

by preventing flooding, creating reservoirs, and providing water for irrigation

by renewing destroyed ecosystems and restoring trees to areas where forest once existed

Which of the following are effects of environmental change on an entire species?

individual deaths and impacts on growth and development

impacts on growth and development and losses of habitats

species competition and individual deaths

extinction and change in species competition

Which chemicals are major contributors to ozone layer destruction? Select two answer choices.phosphorusnitrogenbrominechlorinecarbon dioxidemethane

phosphorus

nitrogen

bromine

chlorine

carbon dioxide

methane

Human-induced environmental changes can affect living things at which level(s)?

organisms only

organisms and populations only

species only

organisms, populations, and species

According to some scientists, which is a cause of global warming?

decrease of nitrous oxide

increase in cloud cover

decrease of methane gas

increase in carbon dioxide

Which is a nonpoint source of pollution?

Tourists throw trash into the ocean.

A car mechanic pours oil on the ground.

Rain contains chemicals that seep into the ground.

A pipe dumps waste from a factory into a stream.

Ariel drew a diagram to compare two human-induced environmental changes.

Introduces substances into an environment

Involves the overhunting of resources

Causes organisms to use up resources

Results from the building of roads and bridges

Which of the following shows the order of events that scientists believe will likely lead to the disappearance of many species?

increase in human population, increase in short-term human-induced changes, ozone layer destruction

increase in short-term human-induced changes, increase in human population, ozone layer destruction

increase in human population, increase in short-term human-induced changes, mass extinction

increase in short-term human-induced changes, increase in human population, mass extinction

What is the most effective way to protect dry lands from desertification?

terrace farming

mine digging

planting a tree belt

constructing a dam

Which greenhouse gas has an average lifetime in the atmosphere of a few weeks to thousands of years and is the largest contributor to climate change?

carbon dioxide

methane

nitrous oxide

fluorinated gas

Which situation is an example of a human-induced environmental change affecting a population?

Blue jays no longer live in a forest because the trees in the forest were cut down.

A volcanic eruption killed grasses that were growing within a few miles of the volcano.

Floods from a storm forced many white-tailed deer to move to a new habitat.

A fisher caught a few different species of fish that live in an ocean habitat.

Which definition best describes global warming?

a long-term change in the Earth's climate

a long-term increase in the Earth's average temperature

a long-term change in the climate of a region or a city

solar heat that is radiated out into space

Which statement best describes the greenhouse effect?

It is a process by which plants are able to grow well in a warm, enclosed structure.

It is a process by which greenhouse gases block the sun’s light to penetrate the atmosphere.

It is a process by which greenhouse gases allow the sun’s light to penetrate the atmosphere but stop the heat from escaping.

It is a process by which prevailing winds bring moisture to the land, to the prevailing wind direction.

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