Answers S1S Chemistry B E4912 - AGNuclear Energy

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Which will reduce the possible environmental damage associated with mining uranium?

installing newer water recycling systems in older power plants

increasing the reprocessing of used fuel for reuse

building additional fission nuclear power plants

developing better places to store radioactive wastes

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What is the final, balanced equation that is formed by combining these two half reactions?

Upper C u superscript 2 plus, plus upper N upper O subscript 3 superscript minus, plus 4 e superscript minus, plus 2 upper H superscript plus right arrow upper C u plus upper N upper O subscript 2 superscript minus, plus upper H subscript 2 upper O.

Upper C u plus upper N upper O subscript 3 superscript minus, plus 2 upper H superscript plus right arrow upper C u superscript 2 plus, plus upper N upper O subscript 2 superscript minus, plus upper H subscript 2 upper O.

2 upper C u plus upper N upper O subscript 3 superscript minus plus 2 upper H superscript plus right arrow 2 upper C u superscript 2 plus, plus upper N upper O subscript 2 superscript minus, plus upper H subscript 2 upper O.

Which molecule is an aromatic hydrocarbon?

Two central carbons are double bonded to each other; the pair is single bonded to C H 3 above left and right, and to H below left and right.

A skeletal model has line segments that slant up, down, up, and up again in a triple bond.

Two hexagon rings with carbons at each corner have alternating double bonds and share one side. H is single bonded to all the C's except the ones on the shared side.

Two carbons are triple bonded to each other; each has a single bond to the outside.

What is a characteristic of branched chained alkanes?

They have one or more rings of carbon atoms.

They have carbon atoms that are double-bonded to other carbon atoms.

They have more than two carbons that are bonded to only one other carbon.

They have carbons bonded in a single row from one end of the molecule to the other end of the molecule.

Which best describes the reducing agent in the reaction below? Cl2(aq) + 2Br–(aq) 2Cl–(aq) + Br2(aq)

Bromine (Br) loses an electron, so it is the reducing agent.

Bromine (Br) gains an electron, so it is the reducing agent.

Chlorine (Cl) loses an electron, so it is the reducing agent.

Chlorine (Cl) gains an electron, so it is the reducing agent.

Which type of macromolecule is made up of subunits that are called amino acids?

carbohydrate

lipid

nucleic acid

protein

Which statement describes one way that RNA differs from DNA?

One is a protein, and the other is a nucleic acid.

They contain different five-carbon sugars and a different nitrogenous base.

They are both carbohydrates, but one is a polysaccharide.

One provides energy, and the other carries genetic information.

A compound accepts electrons from another substance to form a covalent bond. Which term best describes this compound’s behavior?

Lewis acid

Arrhenius base

Bronsted-Lowry acid

Bronsted-Lowry base

How do aromatic hydrocarbons differ from alkenes?

Aromatic hydrocarbons are unsaturated, and alkenes are saturated.

Alkenes are saturated, and aromatic hydrocarbons are unsaturated.

Aromatic hydrocarbons are flat, geometric molecules, and alkenes are not.

Alkenes are flat, planar molecules, and aromatic hydrocarbons are not.

A chemist dilutes a 1.0 mL sample of 2.0 M KNO3 by adding water to it. If the concentration of the solution that is obtained is 0.0080 M, what is its volume?Use .

125 mL

250 mL

500 mL

2,000 mL

Which of the following is a characteristic of a typical carbon atom?

Carbon has a high melting point.

Carbon dissolves easily in water.

Carbon can form single, double, and triple bonds.

Carbon is one of the least common elements in the universe.

Which is an energy conversion that occurs during cellular respiration?

ADP à ATP

FADH2 à FAD

pyruvate à glucose

light energy à chemical energy

The brothers pictured below are identical twins.The boys in this picture look alike because their bodies contain identical

carbohydrates.

lipids.

nucleic acids.

proteins.

Which factor influences both solubility and the rate of dissolution?

pressure

temperature

particle size

nature of solvent

A tire at 21°C has a pressure of 0.82 atm. Its temperature decreases to –3.5°C. If there is no volume change in the tire, what is the pressure after the temperature change?Use .

0.75 atm

0.89 atm

1.1 atm

1.3 atm

Which statement best describes salts?

Salts form from hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions in neutralization reactions.

Most salts do not dissociate when dissolved in water.

Most salts form solutions that are neutral.

Solutions of salt and water conduct electricity.

Several substances are labeled on the pH scale below.Which substance has the lowest [H+] concentration but is still considered an acid?

milk

blood

gastric fluid

household lye

The molar heat of fusion for water is 6.01 kJ/mol. How much energy is released when 36.8 g of water freezes at its freezing point?Use .

6.12 kJ

12.3 kJ

108 kJ

221 kJ

The equivalence point in a titration refers to the point when

the mL of the acid equals the mL of the base.

the molarity of the acid used in the reaction equals the molarity of the base used in the reaction.

the number of moles of one reactant reacts completely with the moles of the other reactant.

the acid in the flask turns clear.

Which radiation detection method creates visible trails that can show the direction of ionizing particles?

Geiger counter

scintillation counter

film badge

cloud chamber

Consider the hydrocarbon below.Which of these is a trans- isomer of the above hydrocarbon?

A skeletal model with a 6 carbon chain, with a double bond between the second and third carbon.

A skeletal model with line segments that slant up, run flat in a double bond, slant down, run flat, and slant down again.

A skeletal model of a 5 carbon chain with a double bond between the first and second carbons.

A skeletal model with line segments that slant up, fun flat in a double bond, slant up, and run flat.

Four different solutions (I, II, III, and IV) are labeled on the pH scale below.Why would solution IV be considered the most concentrated base out of the four substances?

It has the highest concentration of hydrogen ions.

It has the highest concentration of hydronium ions.

It has the highest concentration of oxide ions.

It has the highest concentration of hydroxide ions.

Which of the following is the last step in performing a titration?

finding out which pH indicator works

determining the concentration of an unknown base

finding the number of moles of product produced in a reaction

determining the molecular masses of the products in the reaction

Consider the reaction below. Which half reaction correctly describes the oxidation that is taking place?

Z n (s) right arrow upper Z n superscript 2 plus (a q) plus e superscript minus.

Upper Z n (s) right arrow upper Z n superscript 2 plus (a q) plus 2 e superscript minus.

Upper C u superscript 2 plus (a q) plus 2 e superscript minus right arrow upper C u (s).

Upper C u superscript 2 plus (a q) plus e superscript minus right arrow upper C u (s).

Hydrogen fuel cells that operate at lower temperatures use more expensive platinum electrode catalysts. What helps to make up for the higher-cost electrodes?

They use a cheaper fuel.

They operate at a higher efficiency.

They use a reaction that is not redox.

They produce fewer emissions.

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