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A student wants to determine the impulse delivered to the lab cart when it runs into the wall. The student measures the mass of the cart and the velocity of the cart before it hits the wall.

the velocity of the cart after it hits the wall

the force exerted on the cart by the wall

the time the cart is in contact with the wall

the acceleration of the cart before it hits the wall

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What is the acceleration along the ground of a 10 kg wagon when it is pulled with a force of 44 N at an angle of 35° above the horizontal?

0.23 m/s2

0.28 m/s2

2.52 m/s2

3.60 m/s2

A 2.5 kg block is launched along the ground by a spring with a spring constant of 56 N/m. The spring is initially compressed 0.75 m.

3.5 m/s

4.1 m/s

13 m/s

16 m/s

A wind turbine takes in energy from wind with the goal of converting it into electrical energy. Much of the wind energy is also converted into the kinetic energy of the spinning turbine and heat lost to the air around it.

25%

50%

75%

100%

What is one purpose for the peer-review process in scientific research?

to make scientific research progress more quickly

to verify that the conclusions are supported by the data

to allow anyone to submit their research to scientific journals

to ensure that only established tools and techniques are used

The MSDS for propane gives it a health rating of 1, a flammability rating of 4, and a reactivity rating of 0. According to the MSDS, which best describes propane?

highly corrosive

highly toxic

highly flammable

highly reactive

The image shows a pendulum that is released from rest at point A.

From A to C, kinetic energy is transformed into gravitational potential energy.

From C to D, kinetic energy is transformed into gravitational potential energy.

From C to E, gravitational potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy.

From D to E, gravitational potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy.

The acceleration due to gravity on Earth is 9.8 m/s2. What is the weight of a 75 kg person on Earth?

9.8 N

75 N

85 N

735 N

Which graph shows the relationship between temperature, X, and kinetic energy, Y?

An illustration of a triangle with the base labeled X with the height labeled Y.

A graph with the x axis labeled X and the y axis labeled Y. There is a diagonal line from the origin.

A graph with the x axis labeled X and the y axis labeled Y. There is a horizontal line.

A graph with the x axis labeled X and the y axis labeled Y. There is a vertical line.

It requires 350 joules to raise a certain amount of a substance from 10.0°C to 30.0°C. The specific heat of the substance is 1.2 J/g°C.

12 g

15 g

18 g

30 g

Jan made a diagram to compare speed and velocity.

Is always constant

Includes magnitude

Has direction

Depends on a reference frame

Derek needs a tool that delivers 5.00 mL of a sodium hydroxide solution. Which tool would be best for him to use?

a beaker

a pipette

a graduated cylinder

an Erlenmeyer flask

Russ makes the diagram below to organize his notes about how Newton’s first law describes objects at equilibrium.

Has a net force of zero

Has a velocity of zero

Is moving with a constant velocity

Is slowing down and coming to rest

A twirler’s baton is 0.76 m long and spins around its center. The end of the baton has a centripetal acceleration of 47.8 m/s2.

0.31 s

0.56 s

4.3 s

70 s

The diagram shows what happens to a system undergoing an adiabatic process.

X: Work is done by the system and temperature decreases.Y: Work is done to the system and temperature increases.

X: Work is done to the system and temperature increases.Y: Work is done by the system and temperature decreases.

X: Work is done by the system and temperature increases.Y: Work is done to the system and temperature decreases.

X: Work is done to the system and temperature decreases.Y: Work is done by the system and temperature increases.

A crane lifts up two boxes.

A free body diagram with two force vectors, the first pointing downward labeled F Subscript g A Baseline, the second pointing upward labeled F Subscript T 1 Baseline.

A free body diagram with three force vectors, the first pointing downward labeled F Subscript g A Baseline, the second pointing upward labeled F Subscript T 1 Baseline, and the third pointing downward labeled F Subscript g B.

Question text not available

the x-axis

a direct relationship

the independent variable

the dependent variable

According to the scientific observation that energy is conserved in a "closed system,” no machine can do work on its surrounding environment forever. This observation has been made over and over again in all sciences, and no example has been found that disproves the fact of conservation of energy.

a law

a theory

an inquiry

a hypothesis

A ball moves in a circle at the end of a string, as shown.

Frank wrote several statements to summarize the relationship between the first and second laws of thermodynamics.1 - Thermal energy is conserved. 2 - Some thermal energy is lost and some is used to do work. 3 - Thermal energy flows from areas of higher to lower temperatures. 4 - Thermal energy can be transferred and transformed.

What is the first way in which biology researchers present the results of their latest research?

through an article published in the newspaper

through an e-mail addressed to the scientific community

through an interview given to a local TV news reporter

through an article published in a scientific journal

A puppy finds a rawhide bone and begins to pull it with a force, Ft. The free-body diagram is shown.

It begins to move toward the right.

It stays in static equilibrium.

It stays in dynamic equilibrium.

It begins to move toward the left.

A car with a mass of 1,500 kg requires a centripetal force of 640 N to safely follow a circular curve in the road at 13.4 m/s.

31 m

77 m

421 m

860 m

Four springs are stretched to the same distance from the equilibrium position. The spring constants are listed in the table.

X, Y, W, Z

X, W, Y, Z

Z, W, Y, X

Z, Y, W, X

A scientist wants to perform a controlled experiment to test the effect of rust on chemically treated iron. Which action would be most important to perform in a controlled experiment?

Design an experiment that is based on previously published results.

Expose the treated iron to the corrosive effects of the air.

Test a large piece of treated iron and a small piece of untreated iron.

Test a piece of treated iron and a piece of untreated iron under the same conditions.

A hot air balloon pilot wants the balloon to quickly rise several feet higher so it will be above some trees in the distance. Which best explains how the pilot can make the balloon rise?

The pilot can adjust the temperature inside the balloon so it is equal to the temperature of the surrounding air.

The pilot can adjust the density of the air inside the balloon so it is equal to the density of the surrounding air.

The pilot can decrease the temperature inside the balloon so it is cooler than the surrounding air.

The pilot can increase the temperature inside the balloon so it is warmer than the surrounding air.

The gravitational force between two objects is 1600 N. What will be the gravitational force between the objects if the distance between them doubles?

400 N

800 N

3200 N

6400 N

Which best describes the heat that you can feel on the engine of a running car?

The heat is unusable and absorbed by the engine.

The heat is usable and absorbed by the engine.

The heat is unusable and lost to the surroundings.

The heat is usable and lost to the surroundings.

In an investigation that uses the scientific method, which step immediately follows making a hypothesis?

summarizing the results

asking a question

making observations

designing an experiment

A train travels 600 km in 4 hours. What is the speed of the train?

0.007 km/h

604 km/h

150 km/h

2,400 km/h

The power ratings of several motors are listed in the table.An advertising agency writes marketing material for a new motor (Brand W) that has a power rating of 7,640 W. Which statement comparing the motors can they truthfully use?

Brand W motor can finish any job faster than Brand Y motor can.

There’s not a more powerful motor available.

Brand W motor does more work each second than Brand X or Brand Z.

Every second, Brand W motor does 7,640 N of your toughest work.

On an ice skating rink, a girl of mass 50 kg stands stationary, face to face with a boy of mass 80 kg. The children push off of one another, and the boy moves away with a velocity of +3 m/s.

–1.9 m/s

+1.9 m/s

–4.8 m/s

+4.8 m/s

A car moving south speeds up from 10 m/s to 40 m/s in 15 seconds. What is the car’s acceleration?

2 m/s2

15 m/s2

30 m/s2

50 m/s2

A block slides down a rough ramp with a 30-degree incline as shown.Which diagram represents the forces acting on the block?

Option

What is the most likely reason that a hypothesis would be useful even if experiments show that it is false?

New hypotheses and experiments can be developed that better fit the observations made during the original experiments.

Many new experiments could be designed and conducted to gather more evidence that the hypothesis is false.

Scientists can know that there is no relationship between the dependent and independent variables being tested.

The field of study can be ignored because it has proven to be untestable by scientific standards.

When a baseball player catches a baseball, the glove "gives" or moves backward. How does this movement affect the change in momentum of the baseball?

The change in momentum increases because the impact time increases.

The change in momentum decreases because the force decreases.

The change in momentum stays the same because the ball still comes to a stop.

The change in momentum depends on the initial speed of the ball and the time to stop.

A car manufacturer wants to change its car’s design to increase the car’s acceleration. Which changes should the engineers consider making to the design?

increase the force that the engine provides

decrease the force that the engine provides

increase the mass of the car

decrease the mass of the car

increase the top velocity the car can travel

decrease the top velocity the car can travel

Rebekah finds that a solution of sugar in water has a volume of 1.32 fl. oz. How should she report this amount using the metric system? (1 fl. oz. = 29.6 mL)

0.403 m

1.40 qt

37.5 g

39.1 mL

Ronnie kicks a playground ball with an initial velocity of 16 m/s at an angle of 40° relative to the ground. What is the approximate horizontal component of the initial velocity?

0.64 m/s

0.77 m/s

10.3 m/s

12.3 m/s

A velocity vs. time graph for an object is shown.

constant and positive

constant and negative

changing and positive

changing and negative

Why is it advisable to wear long sleeves when students work in a chemistry lab?

to provide warmth near the lab refrigerator

to protect the arms from lab chemicals

to minimize burns from hot water at the lab sink

to prevent burns when using a Bunsen burner

What is the horizontal acceleration of a ball that is launched horizontally with a velocity of 5.6 m/s?

–9.8 m/s2

0 m/s2

5.6 m/s2

9.8 m/s2

Which is an example of conduction?

Soup is warmed in a microwave oven.

A hand is burned when touching a pot handle.

Air above an ocean warms up and rises.

A stone gets hot from sitting outside on a sunny day.

A stretched spring has 5184 J of elastic potential energy and a spring constant of 16,200 N/m. What is the displacement of the spring?

0.57 m

0.64 m

0.80 m

1.25 m

In which scenario is the greatest amount of work done on a wagon?

A force of 55 N moves it 8 m.

A force of 60 N moves it 6 m.

A force of 50 N moves it 5 m.

A force of 40 N moves it 10 m.

In a lab experiment, a student is trying to apply the conservation of momentum. Two identical balls, each with a mass of 1.0 kg, roll toward each other and collide. The velocity is measured before and after each collision. The collected data is shown below.Which trial shows the conservation of momentum in a closed system?