Answers PBCSD_Grade_Forgiveness_2001340_Environmental_Science_S1_2020Designing Scientific Investigations

Designing Scientific Investigations Answers

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A student wants to answer the question “Does adding calcium powder to soil make pea plants grow faster?” She adds calcium powder to the soil of 12 plants and does not add it to the soil of a second group of 12 plants. She measures the growth of all of the plants in each group for a month. Which statement best summarizes the factors that need to be controlled in this experiment?

All plants should be the same age and health and be given equal amounts of water and sunlight.

All plants should be placed in separate, equal-sized pots on the same table, where they receive the same amount of sunlight.

All plants should be watered in the morning at the same time each day, and given the same amount of soil and sunlight.

All plants should be the same health and be given equal amounts of water, calcium, and sunlight.

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Which statement describes the dependent variable?

It is the causal variable.

It is the controlled variable.

It is the stimulus variable.

It is the affected variable.

Choose the best experimental design to test the question “Does the gender of mice affect the time it takes to learn mazes?”

Time six male mice and six female mice in the same maze; reward the male mice with fruit when they complete the maze, and reward the female mice with grains when they complete the maze.

Time six male mice and six female mice in the same maze; reward both male and female mice with fruit when they complete the maze.

Time six male mice in one maze and six female mice in a second similar maze; reward both male and female mice with cheese when they complete the maze.

Time each mouse in a different maze; reward the male mice with bread when they complete the maze, and reward the female mice with cheese when they complete the maze.

A zoology student is investigating whether it is true that the gender of turtles depends on the temperature at which the turtle eggs are kept before they hatch. He will test if turtle eggs incubated at 29–30 degrees Celsius produce females, and eggs at 24–26 degrees Celsius produce males. What is the independent variable?

time

gender

species

temperature

A scientist monitors the number of eggs in five duck nests in parks, five duck nests in zoos, and five duck nests in the wild during the spring and summer for three years. He makes a multiple line graph to plot and compare data for the three locations. Which question describes what the scientist is most likely testing?

How many eggs do ducks usually lay?

What color of ducks lays the most eggs?

What setting is best for producing the most eggs?

Where is the safest place to raise ducks?

The photograph below shows Jamal’s bird feeder. Jamal asked the question “Are hummingbirds attracted more to red feeders than to feeders of other colors?”What is the independent variable in Jamal’s experiment?

the amount of food

the color of the feeder

the height of the feeder

the number of hummingbirds

Max wants to see if mice that are fed food A grow faster than mice that are fed food B. He measures the mass of the mice each day. He feeds each group the same amount of food at the same time each day. What is the dependent variable?

food A

food B

mass of mice

amount of food

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Designing Scientific Investigations Answers

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