1
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a positivea negativean aggressivea neutral

A
a positive
B
a negative
C
an aggressive
D
a neutral
2
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Why can't organisms control genetic mutations?

A
because mutations only happen in laboratories
B
because mutations are random, unplanned changes
C
because mutations are usually harmful to organisms
D
because mutations are controlled by organisms' environment
3

colortextureshapeflavor

A
color
B
texture
C
shape
D
flavor
5

Which best summarizes the effects of mutations on organisms?

A
Mutations are sometimes helpful, sometimes harmful, and sometimes neutral.
B
Mutations are usually harmful, sometimes neutral, and never helpful.
C
Mutations are sometimes neutral, sometimes helpful, and never harmful.
D
Mutations are always harmful, never helpful, and never neutral.
6

cellsribosomesamino acids

A
cells
B
ribosomes
C
amino acids
7

When will a genetic mutation most likely occur in an organism?

A
when a new trait has a neutral effect on the organism
B
when the organism is taking antibiotics
C
when a strand of RNA is copying a strand of DNA
D
when an organism is breaking down amino acids
9

Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells. A mutation can cause a defect in human hemoglobin. Which is most likely caused by this type of mutation?

A
decreased ability to carry oxygen
B
development of cancerous tumors
C
inability to break down sugar
D
development of bacterial infections
10

lactose intolerancecancerlow blood oxygendiabetes

A
lactose intolerance
B
cancer
C
low blood oxygen
D
diabetes

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