AnswersGA-GSE Earth SystemsLab: Mineral and Rock Classification

Earthquakes Answers

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The diagram shows circles drawn by geologists trying to determine the location of an earthquake’s epicenter.

Question illustration
A
location of an epicenter
B
location of a focus
C
location of a seismograph
D
location of a wave
2
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Which statement describes a seismograph?

A
It has a flat graphing surface.
B
It is used to locate an earthquake’s focus.
C
It uses a needle on graph paper to measure seismic wave activity.
D
It measures data used to find the difference between the arrival times of surface waves.
3

How are S waves and P waves similar?

A
They shake the ground.
B
They travel through liquids.
C
They arrive at the same time.
D
They vibrate from side to side.
4

Which statement describes the Mercalli scale?

A
This scale measures seismic waves based on their size.
B
This scale rates an earthquake according to how much damage it causes.
C
This scale produces a single rating for earthquakes that reach the surface.
D
This scale measures the magnitude of an earthquake based on the size of seismic waves.
5

What happens when stress builds at faults?

A
Energy is absorbed.
B
Rock can bend and break.
C
Plates form on the lithosphere.
D
Earthquakes develop at Earth’s surface.
6

Which phrase describes a feature of an earthquake’s epicenter?

A
starting point of an earthquake
B
place around the center of an earthquake
C
region directly above the focus
D
point about 100 kilometers deep in the lithosphere
7

Which strategy do geologists use to locate the center of an earthquake?

A
They only analyze local data.
B
They collect data from seismographs.
C
They measure arrival times of surface waves.
D
They draw squares on maps for measurements.
8

Which statement describes surface waves?

A
They arrive before S waves.
B
They travel faster than P waves.
C
They are produced by P and S waves.
D
They travel deep below Earth’s surface.
9

Which statement describes the moment magnitude scale?

A
It measures only small earthquakes.
B
It uses data collected by a seismograph.
C
It shows only the strength of seismic waves that were produced.
D
It determines the amount of damage caused by an earthquake.
10

Which statement describes the Richter scale?

A
It cannot account for fault movement during an earthquake.
B
It measures large earthquakes far from the seismograph.
C
It estimates the total energy released from an earthquake.
D
It measures magnitude based on the size of seismic waves.
11

Which of these factors is involved in earthquake formation?

A
plates getting larger
B
rocks breaking
C
stress that decreases
D
faults that remain stationary
12

What happens when stress builds at faults?

A
Energy is absorbed.
B
Rock can bend and break.
C
Plates form on the lithosphere.
D
Earthquakes develop at Earth’s surface.
13

Which of these factors is involved in earthquake formation?

A
plates getting larger
B
rocks breaking
C
stress that decreases
D
faults that remain stationary
14

The diagram shows circles drawn by geologists trying to determine the location of an earthquake’s epicenter.

Question illustration
A
location of an epicenter
B
location of a focus
C
location of a seismograph
D
location of a wave
15

Which statement describes how geologists use data from seismographs to learn about earthquakes?

A
They often compare information from all over the world.
B
They map the location of an earthquake’s focus.
C
They use one reading to determine the location of an epicenter.
D
They measure the difference between the arrival times of surface waves.
16

Which statement describes surface waves?

A
They arrive before S waves.
B
They travel faster than P waves.
C
They are produced by P and S waves.
D
They travel deep below Earth’s surface.
17

Which strategy do geologists use to locate the center of an earthquake?

A
They only analyze local data.
B
They collect data from seismographs.
C
They measure arrival times of surface waves.
D
They draw squares on maps for measurements.
18

Which statement describes a seismograph?

A
It has a flat graphing surface.
B
It is used to locate an earthquake’s focus.
C
It uses a needle on graph paper to measure seismic wave activity.
D
It measures data used to find the difference between the arrival times of surface waves.
19

Which statement describes the focus of an earthquake?

A
It creates stress in rock.
B
It develops in the lithosphere.
C
It lies above the surface where rock breaks.
D
It begins about 5 kilometers below Earth’s surface.

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