Answers25-26 CHEMISTRY IN THE EARTH SYSTEM S1Kinetic Energy

Energy Transformations Answers

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Which energy transformations occur when a candle burns?

A
Thermal energy transforms into mechanical energy and radiant energy.
B
Chemical energy transforms into thermal energy and electrical energy.
C
Thermal energy transforms into radiant energy and chemical energy.
D
Chemical energy transforms into thermal energy and radiant energy.
2
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The image shows a pendulum that is released from rest at point A.

Question illustration
A
A: Maximum kinetic energyC: Maximum gravitational potential energy
B
B: Maximum kinetic energyD: Maximum gravitational potential energy
C
A: Maximum gravitational potential energyC: Maximum kinetic energy
D
B: Maximum gravitational potential energyD: Maximum kinetic energy
3

A blender takes in 180 J of electrical energy. Of the 180 J, 90 J are transformed into kinetic energy, 60 J are transformed into thermal energy, and the rest is transformed into sound.

A
30 J
B
90 J
C
150 J
D
330 J
4

A bird has a kinetic energy of 3 J and a potential energy of 25 J. What is the mechanical energy of the bird?

A
3 J, because mechanical energy is the same as kinetic energy
B
22 J, because mechanical energy is the difference of the potential energy and kinetic energy
C
25 J, because mechanical energy is the same as potential energy
D
28 J, because mechanical energy is the sum of the potential energy and kinetic energy
5

A baseball has a mass of 0.145 kg and is 12 m above the ground. If it has a mechanical energy of 105.8 J, how fast is it moving?

A
17 m/s
B
35 m/s
C
89 m/s
D
130 m/s
6

What is the sequence of energy transformations associated with a hydroelectric dam?

A
electrical energy into mechanical energy into kinetic energy into gravitational potential energy
B
gravitational potential energy into kinetic energy into mechanical energy into electrical energy
C
chemical energy into kinetic energy into mechanical energy into electrical energy
D
chemical energy into thermal energy into kinetic energy into electrical energy
7

Which of these changes would make the diagram error-free? Check all that apply.

A
reducing the amount of thermal energy to 475 J
B
increasing the amount of electrical energy to 825 J
C
increasing the amount of sound energy to 225 J
D
reducing the amount of kinetic energy to 50 J
E
reducing the amount of electrical energy to 675 J
8

If no energy is lost due to friction, which statements about the energy of the ball are true? Check all that apply.

A
The potential energy at the top of the ball’s motion is 18 J.
B
The kinetic energy is less when the ball is thrown than when it is caught.
C
The kinetic energy increases as the potential energy decreases.
D
The kinetic energy decreases as the potential energy increases.
E
The total mechanical energy of the ball stays constant.
F
The mechanical energy decreases as the ball moves up and increases as the ball comes down.
9

What energy transformation occurs when a skydiver first jumps from a plane?

A
Gravitational potential energy transforms into kinetic energy.
B
Gravitational potential energy transforms into thermal energy.
C
Kinetic energy transforms into gravitational potential energy.
D
Thermal energy transforms into gravitational potential energy.
10

Which statement best describes what energy transfer diagrams show?

A
Energy can change form, but the total amount of energy stays the same.
B
Every energy transformation results in a reduction of energy.
C
Energy transformations result in fewer types of energy.
D
Each type of energy can change into one other type of energy.

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